میں نہیں جانتا کہ میں نے کبھی "امریکی خواب" پر یقین کیا بھی تھا یا نہیں۔ میں مراعات یافتہ گھرانے کا بچہ تھا۔ میں نے 50 کی دہائی میں آنکھ کھولی اور وہ امریکہ میں ایک پرسکون دور تھا، کم از کم اوپر اوپر سے تو ایسا ہی تھا، اور میں نے مراعات کے ایک پرتعیش بستر پر پرورش پائی۔
I don't know that I ever bought into the "American dream." I was a child of privilege. I grew up in the '50s and it was a quiet time in America, at least on the surface and I grew up in a kind of feathery bed of privilege.
I don't know that I ever bought into the "American dream." I was a child of privilege. I grew up in the '50s and it was a quiet time in America, at least on the surface and I grew up in a kind of feathery bed of privilege.
کوئی سیاسی خیالات نہیں تھے۔ وہ غیر سیاسی دور تھا۔ وہ 50 کی دہائی تھی اور مضافاتی علاقوں کی مراعات یافتہ زندگی تھی۔
There were no political ideas. It was an apolitical time. It was the '50s and in the privilege of the suburbs.
There were no political ideas. It was an apolitical time. It was the '50s and in the privilege of the suburbs.
یہ سرد جنگ کا عروج تھا، لیکن میں نے ایک ایسے خاندان میں پرورش پائی جو سیاست سے دور تھا اور جہاں سیاست کا کوئی وجود نہیں تھا۔
It's the height of the Cold War, but I grew up in apolitical family and politics wasn't on the agenda.
It's the height of the Cold War, but I grew up in apolitical family and politics wasn't on the agenda.
اصل ترجیحات میں اسکول، سماجی زندگی اور اس طرح کی دوسری چیزیں شامل تھیں۔ میں پانچ بہن بھائیوں میں درمیان میں تھا۔ اس لیے مجھے یہ بڑا فائدہ حاصل تھا کہ میں بڑے بچوں کے ساتھ کھیل بھی سکتا تھا اور چھوٹے بچوں کے ساتھ بھی گھل مل سکتا تھا، اور میں سمجھता ہوں کہ اسی چیز نے مجھے زندگی کے کسی موڑ پر ایک استاد بننے کی طرف راغب کیا۔ لیکن میرا بچپن بڑا آرام دہ اور مراعات سے بھرپور تھا۔
What was on the agenda was school and social life and those kinds of things. So I was the middle of five kids. So I had the great advantage of being able to play up to the older kids and play down to the younger kids and I think that's part of what propelled me to become a teacher at some point in my life. But it was a comfortable childhood. It was a privileged childhood.
What was on the agenda was school and social life and those kinds of things. So I was the middle of five kids. So I had the great advantage of being able to play up to the older kids and play down to the younger kids and I think that's part of what propelled me to become a teacher at some point in my life. But it was a comfortable childhood. It was a privileged childhood.
جیسا کہ میں نے کہا، مراعات کے ایک پرتعیش بستر پر ایک ببل (محفوظ دائرے) میں رہنا۔ اسی لیے گھر چھوڑنا، پریپ اسکول سے نکل کر 60 کی دہائی کے اوائل میں یونیورسٹی آف مشی گن جانا میرے لیے بیداری کا ایک لمحہ تھا، اور مشی گن جیسی جگہ پر جا کر اچانک ایک ایسی دنیا کو دیکھنا جو آگ کی لپیٹ میں تھی اور جہاں ہر طرف ناانصافیاں تھیں، میرے لیے ایک بہت بڑا جھٹکا تھا۔ میں مشی گن میں صرف ڈیڑھ سال ہی رہا، پھر میں نے پڑھाई چھوڑ دی اور مرچنٹ میرینز (تجارتی بحریہ) میں شامل ہو گیا، اور اپنے سیکنڈ ایئر میں ایک مرچنٹ میرین کے طور پر کام کیا، اس کے بعد میں واپس مشی گن آ گیا۔
Living in a bubble as I said in a featherbed of privilege. That's why leaving home, leaving the prep school and going to the University of Michigan in the early '60s was a moment of awakening and to go to a place like Michigan and to see suddenly a world in flames and the injustices all around was quite a wake up call. I lasted a year and a half at Michigan before I dropped out and joined the merchant marines and I was a merchant marine for my sophomore year then I came back to Michigan.
Living in a bubble as I said in a featherbed of privilege. That's why leaving home, leaving the prep school and going to the University of Michigan in the early '60s was a moment of awakening and to go to a place like Michigan and to see suddenly a world in flames and the injustices all around was quite a wake up call. I lasted a year and a half at Michigan before I dropped out and joined the merchant marines and I was a merchant marine for my sophomore year then I came back to Michigan.
میں نے 1964 میں پڑھائی چھوڑ دی تھی۔ اور 1965 میں مشی گن واپس آ گیا۔ 1965 میں، جب میں واپس آیا تو میں نے ویتनाम کا نام بھی نہیں سنا تھا۔
I dropped out in '64. And I came back to Michigan, in '65. In 1965, when I came back I had never heard of Vietnam.
I dropped out in '64. And I came back to Michigan, in '65. In 1965, when I came back I had never heard of Vietnam.
کافی حد تک غیر سیاسی۔ بس زندگی میں شامل ہونے کا جذبہ تھا۔ میری عمر 18-19 سال تھی۔ میں دنیا میں چھلانگ لگانا چاہتا تھا اور دیکھ رہا تھا کہ دنیا میرے لیے ایسے ایسے دروازے کھول رہی ہے جن کا میں نے کبھی تصور بھی نہیں کیا تھا۔ یونیورسٹی کے پہلے سال میں میں ایک پل کے لیے بھی نہیں سویا کیونکہ وہاں بہت کچھ ہو رہا تھا۔ دیکھنے کے لیے بہت سی فلمیں تھیں، جانے کے لیے بہت سے کنسرٹس تھے۔||
Fairly apolitical. Kind of aspiring to participate in life. I'm 18-19 years old. Wanting to dive into the world and finding the world opening for me in ways that were unimaginable. I didn't sleep for the whole first year at university because it was too much going on. Too many films to see, too many concerts to go to.
Fairly apolitical. Kind of aspiring to participate in life. I'm 18-19 years old. Wanting to dive into the world and finding the world opening for me in ways that were unimaginable. I didn't sleep for the whole first year at university because it was too much going on. Too many films to see, too many concerts to go to.
बिना किसी शक के। यह हमारी रग-रग में गहराई से बसा हुआ है, और इसलिए जिस अमेरिका के सपने हमें बेचे गए थे, उसके पाखंड का इस तरह अचानक सामने आ जाना एक मुक्तिदायक और झकझोर देने वाला अनुभव था।
Without a doubt. It's woven into our DNA in a very deep way and so to kind of be smacked in the face with the hypocrisy of the America that we were sold was a liberating and harsh experience.
Without a doubt. It's woven into our DNA in a very deep way and so to kind of be smacked in the face with the hypocrisy of the America that we were sold was a liberating and harsh experience.
मैं कहूँगा कि यह तब शुरू हुआ जब मैं मिशिगन गया। वहाँ पहुँचते ही मैं एन आबर (Ann Arbor) में नागरिक अधिकारों के आंदोलन से बहुत गहराई से जुड़ गया। धरना-प्रदर्शन करना—ऐसी चीज़ जिसके बारे में मुझे पहले कभी पता ही नहीं था।
I would say when I went to Michigan. It started. I got very very involved in civil rights in Ann Harbor right away. Picketing, something I never even knew existed.
I would say when I went to Michigan. It started. I got very very involved in civil rights in Ann Harbor right away. Picketing, something I never even knew existed.
मुझे 1965 में गिरफ्तार किया गया था। मैं मर्चेंट नेवी से वापस आया था और युद्ध पर चर्चाओं में शामिल होने लगा था। मैंने वियतनाम के बारे में तब तक कभी नहीं सुना था, जब तक कि मैं एथेंस के कॉन्स्टिट्यूशन स्क्वायर में मर्चेंट नेवी में था और मैंने 'न्यू यॉर्क हेराल्ड' या 'इंटरनेशनल हेराल्ड ट्रिब्यून' उठाया, जहाँ पहली बार मेरी मुलाकात 'वियतनाम' शब्द से हुई।
I was arrested 1965. I had come back from the merchant marines, got into conversations about the war. I had never heard of Vietnam until I was in the merchant marines in constitution square in Athens, and I picked up the New York Herald or the International Herald Tribune and there was my first introduction of the word Vietnam.
I was arrested 1965. I had come back from the merchant marines, got into conversations about the war. I had never heard of Vietnam until I was in the merchant marines in constitution square in Athens, and I picked up the New York Herald or the International Herald Tribune and there was my first introduction of the word Vietnam.
मैं वापस एन आबर लौटा, जहाँ मेरी मुलाकात ऐसे लोगों से हुई जो मुझसे कहीं ज़्यादा समझदार थे। वह एक रोमांचक समय था क्योंकि मेरी आँखें खुल रही थीं और वह हमेशा ही रोमांचक होता है। मिशिगन वही जगह है जहाँ हमने युद्ध के खिलाफ पहली 'टीच-इन' (विचार-गोष्ठी) आयोजित की थी।
I came back to Ann Harbor, got caught up with people who were much more sophisticated than I, and it was an exciting time because my eyes were opening and that's always exciting and Michigan is the place where we had the first teach-in against the war.
I came back to Ann Harbor, got caught up with people who were much more sophisticated than I, and it was an exciting time because my eyes were opening and that's always exciting and Michigan is the place where we had the first teach-in against the war.
वियतनाम के बारे में सौ तथ्य और हमने उस तथ्य-सूची (फैक्ट शीट) का अध्ययन किया और इन बहसों में कूद पड़े, और यह शानदार था। मुझे एक पल याद है जब हमने दो छात्रों को यह कहते हुए सुना कि उन लोगों से बात मत करना—यानी मेरे भाई और मुझसे। "उन्होंने बस वो बेवकूफ़ाना फैक्ट शीट रट ली है।" और हमने सोचा, यार क्या हम इतने अच्छे लग रहे हैं? यह मुमकिन नहीं लग रहा था। पर राजनीति से मेरा परिचय यहीं से हुआ था।
One-hundred facts about Vietnam and we studied the fact sheet and got in to these arguments and it was fantastic, and I remember one moment when we heard two students saying don't talk to those guys, meaning my brother and me. They've just memorized that stupid fact sheet. And we thought, gosh do we sound that good? It didn't seem possible. But that was my introduction to politics.
One-hundred facts about Vietnam and we studied the fact sheet and got in to these arguments and it was fantastic, and I remember one moment when we heard two students saying don't talk to those guys, meaning my brother and me. They've just memorized that stupid fact sheet. And we thought, gosh do we sound that good? It didn't seem possible. But that was my introduction to politics.
मेरे पिता ने अपने जीवन के आखिरी पाँच साल मेरे साथ बिताए और अल्ज़ाइमर (याददाश्त खोने की बीमारी) की वजह से उनका इंतकाल हो गया। उस समय वे जिससे भी मिलते, यही कहते थे, "हम सब वियतनाम युद्ध से नफरत करते थे।" खैर, आज 40 साल बाद वियतनाम युद्ध से नफरत करना बहुत आसान है।
My father lived with me the last five years of his life and passed away of Alzheimer's, and at that point he was saying to anyone who would listen, "We all hated the war in Vietnam." Well, it was easy to hate the war in Vietnam 40 years on.
My father lived with me the last five years of his life and passed away of Alzheimer's, and at that point he was saying to anyone who would listen, "We all hated the war in Vietnam." Well, it was easy to hate the war in Vietnam 40 years on.
1965 में वियतनाम युद्ध से नफरत करना एक बहुत ही छोटे समूह की राय थी।
Hating war in Vietnam in 1965 was minority position.
Hating war in Vietnam in 1965 was minority position.
मेरे परिवार की राजनीति कैसी थी? वे मुख्यधारा के मध्यममार्गी लोग थे।
What were the politics of my family? They were mainstream moderate politics.
What were the politics of my family? They were mainstream moderate politics.
उस समय एक तरह से मैं एक अच्छा उदारवादी (लिबरल) था। मैं युद्ध खत्म करना चाहता था। मैं नागरिक अधिकार आंदोलन का समर्थन करना चाहता था।
I was a good liberal in some sense at that point. I wanted to end a war. I wanted to support the civil rights movement.
I was a good liberal in some sense at that point. I wanted to end a war. I wanted to support the civil rights movement.
जैसा कि मैंने कहा, 1965 में जब मुझे वियतनाम युद्ध का विरोध करने के लिए गिरफ्तार किया गया था, तब लगभग 20 से 30 प्रतिशत लोग ही युद्ध के खिलाफ थे। 1968 तक आधे से ज़्यादा अमेरिकी युद्ध के विरोध में आ चुके थे। अगर आप यूरोपीय, कनाडाई और तीसरी दुनिया के लोगों को भी शामिल कर लें, तो वह युद्ध बेहद अलोकप्रिय हो चुका था। लेकिन अकेले अमेरिका में भी 1968 तक आधे लोग युद्ध के खिलाफ हो चुके थे।
When I was arrested opposing the war in Vietnam in 1965, as I said about 20 or 30% of people were opposed to the war. By 1968, more than half of Americans were opposed to the war. If you pull in Europeans, Canadians, people from around the Third World, the war was vastly unpopular. But even half of Americans by 1968 opposed the war.
When I was arrested opposing the war in Vietnam in 1965, as I said about 20 or 30% of people were opposed to the war. By 1968, more than half of Americans were opposed to the war. If you pull in Europeans, Canadians, people from around the Third World, the war was vastly unpopular. But even half of Americans by 1968 opposed the war.
लिंडन जॉनसन, जो उस राष्ट्रपति के रूप में उस युद्ध को आगे बढ़ा रहे थे, उन्होंने 1968 की वसंत ऋतु में घोषणा की कि वे दोबारा राष्ट्रपति पद के लिए चुनाव नहीं लड़ेंगे। वे पेरिस जाकर वियतनाम युद्ध समाप्त करेंगे। खैर, हम खुशी से पागल हो चुके थे।
Lyndon Johnson who was the president who was executing that war, announced in the spring of 1968 that he would not seek the presidency again. He would go to Paris and end the war in Vietnam. Well we were ecstatic.
Lyndon Johnson who was the president who was executing that war, announced in the spring of 1968 that he would not seek the presidency again. He would go to Paris and end the war in Vietnam. Well we were ecstatic.
तब तक मुझे कई बार गिरफ्तार किया जा चुका था। मैं एक आयोजक बन चुका था, [1965 से 1968 तक] उन तीन सालों में बहुत कुछ बदल चुका था।
I'd been arrested many times by then. I'd been an organizer, so many things had changed over those three years [from 1965 till 1968].
I'd been arrested many times by then. I'd been an organizer, so many things had changed over those three years [from 1965 till 1968].
उस रात विश्वविद्यालय के अध्यक्ष ने कहा था, छात्रों, आपको बधाई हो, आपने एक बहुत बड़ी जीत हासिल की है, अब युद्ध खत्म हो जाएगा। और मुझे पूरा यकीन है कि उस रात वे इस बात पर विश्वास करते थे और मैं भी करता था और हम सब खुशी-खुशी अपने घर गए। चार दिन बाद, मार्टिन लूथर किंग की हत्या कर दी दलई गई। उसके दो महीने बाद, केनेडी की हत्या कर दी गई। उसके दो महीने बाद, हेनरी किसिंजर हार्वर्ड की अपनी दलदल जैसी जिंदगी से बाहर निकले और युद्ध को बढ़ाने की योजना लेकर सामने आए।
The president of the University said that night, congratulations to you the students, you've won a great victory, now the war will end. And I'm certain that he believed it that night and I believed it and we went away happy. Four days later, Martin Luther King was assassinated. Two months after that, Kennedy was assassinated. Two months after that, Henry Kissinger emerged from the swamp he was living in at Harvard with a plan to expand the war.
The president of the University said that night, congratulations to you the students, you've won a great victory, now the war will end. And I'm certain that he believed it that night and I believed it and we went away happy. Four days later, Martin Luther King was assassinated. Two months after that, Kennedy was assassinated. Two months after that, Henry Kissinger emerged from the swamp he was living in at Harvard with a plan to expand the war.
इस दुनिया जितनी असंतुलित दुनिया में, हर कोई अपने करने लायक कुछ न कुछ ढूँढ़ सकता है। सवाल यह नहीं है कि क्या आप सब कुछ कर सकते हैं; सवाल यह है कि क्या आप कुछ भी कर सकते हैं?
In a world as out of balance as this world, everyone can find something to do. And the question isn't can you do everything; the question is, can you do anything?
In a world as out of balance as this world, everyone can find something to do. And the question isn't can you do everything; the question is, can you do anything?
खैर, सबसे पहले तो मुझे लगता है कि हमें 'मजदूर वर्ग' जैसे शब्दों का इस्तेमाल करते समय थोड़ी सावधानी बरतनी चाहिए। जब [कार्ल] मार्क्स ने मजदूर वर्ग के बारे में लिखा था, तो वे आज की तुलना में कहीं अधिक सीमित दायरे के बारे में लिख रहे थे।
Well, first of all I think that we have to be careful with terms like the working class, obviously. When [Karl] Marx wrote about the working class he was writing about something much more bounded than we're talking about.
Well, first of all I think that we have to be careful with terms like the working class, obviously. When [Karl] Marx wrote about the working class he was writing about something much more bounded than we're talking about.
सच तो यह है कि युद्ध-विरोधी आंदोलन को मजदूर वर्ग से ही ताकत मिली थी। छात्र तो वे लोग थे जिन्होंने मीडिया वगैरह का ध्यान खींचा, लेकिन मैदान में डटे वे सैनिक ही थे जिन्होंने साठ के दशक के अंत में युद्ध-विरोधी आंदोलन में असल जान फूँक दी थी।
The truth is that the antiwar movement was powered by the working class. The students were the ones that got the media and so forth, but it was the soldiers on the ground who really energized the antiwar movement in the late Sixties.
The truth is that the antiwar movement was powered by the working class. The students were the ones that got the media and so forth, but it was the soldiers on the ground who really energized the antiwar movement in the late Sixties.
मजदूर वर्ग 1969 के 'डेज़ ऑफ़ रेज' (क्रोध के दिनों) में शिकागो आया था या नहीं, यह इस बात का पैमाना नहीं है कि युद्ध को रोकने या जीवन को एक निश्चित नजरिए से देखने के प्रति उनकी प्रतिबद्धता कितनी थी। हम में से बहुत कम लोग वहाँ थे, और जो लोग वहाँ थे, वे अपने बारे में एक भ्रम में जी रहे थे।
Whether or not the working class came to Chicago in 1969 in the Days of Rage is not a measure of their commitment to stopping the war or to seeing life in certain way. There were very few of us who were there, and those of us that were had an illusion about ourselves.
Whether or not the working class came to Chicago in 1969 in the Days of Rage is not a measure of their commitment to stopping the war or to seeing life in certain way. There were very few of us who were there, and those of us that were had an illusion about ourselves.
एक पल ऐसा भी था जब जे. एडगर हूवर और हमारे पास अपने बारे में एक ही जैसा विकृत चश्मा था—कि हम "एक असली खतरा" हैं, समझे? वे भी यही सोचते थे और हम भी यही सोचते थे और इस मामले में हम दोनों पक्के यार थे।
There was one moment when J. Edgar Hoover and us had the same distorted lens about who we were - "a real threat," you know? He thought so and we thought so and we were buddies in that regard.
There was one moment when J. Edgar Hoover and us had the same distorted lens about who we were - "a real threat," you know? He thought so and we thought so and we were buddies in that regard.
इंग्लैंड, अमेरिका या किसी अन्य उन्नत पूंजीवादी देश में मजदूर वर्ग को संगठित करना एक बेहद डरावनी और कठिन चुनौती रही है।
Organizing the working class in England or the U.S. or any other advanced capitalist country has been a daunting challenge.
Organizing the working class in England or the U.S. or any other advanced capitalist country has been a daunting challenge.
मैंने जॉर्जिया विश्वविद्यालय में भाषण दिया, और 'हेल्स एंजल्स' (बाइकर्स गैंग) की वेशभूषा में टी पार्टी (रूढ़िवादी राजनीतिक आंदोलन) के लोगों का पूरा दल अंदर आया और आगे की बेंच पर आकर बैठ गया और मेरे भाषण के दौरान मुझे गुस्से से घूरता रहा। और बाद में उस समूह के नेता ने माइक पर आकर कहा, मुझे हैरानी है कि मैं आपकी लगभग हर बात से सहमत हूँ, लेकिन मुझे इस बात की चिंता है कि आप 'बिग गवर्नमेंट' (भारी-भरकम सरकारी नियंत्रण) के समर्थक हैं।
I spoke at the University of Georgia, and a whole contingent of Tea Party people in Hell's Angels regalia came in and sat in the front and scowled at me while I gave my talk. And afterwards the head of the group got to the microphone and said, I'm surprised that I agree with almost everything you said, but I'm worried that you're a big government guy.
I spoke at the University of Georgia, and a whole contingent of Tea Party people in Hell's Angels regalia came in and sat in the front and scowled at me while I gave my talk. And afterwards the head of the group got to the microphone and said, I'm surprised that I agree with almost everything you said, but I'm worried that you're a big government guy.
बिग गवर्नमेंट का समर्थक कौन है? ये सारे लेबल बकवास हैं। और टी पार्टी, अगर आप उन्हें मजदूर वर्ग कहना चाहें, तो जानते ही हैं कि वे नीचे से उठने वाला एक मजदूर-वर्गीय विद्रोह हैं, वे विरोधाभासों का एक पुलिंदा हैं; उनका कोई एक सुसंगत दृष्टिकोण नहीं है; लेकिन उनकी प्रवृत्ति का एक हिस्सा सरकार से सावधान रहना भी है।
Who's the big government guy? These labels are nonsense. And the Tea Party, if you want to call them working class, you know, a working-class insurgency from below, they are a mass of contradictions; they don't have a single consistent viewpoint; but part of their impulse is to be wary of government.
Who's the big government guy? These labels are nonsense. And the Tea Party, if you want to call them working class, you know, a working-class insurgency from below, they are a mass of contradictions; they don't have a single consistent viewpoint; but part of their impulse is to be wary of government.
अब मेरी नजर में, अगर आप राष्ट्रपतियों को इस आधार पर लाइन में खड़ा करें कि किसने सबसे महान काम किए, तो आप शायद लिंडन जॉनसन को दोनों रूज़वेल्ट और [अब्राहम] लिंकन आदि की श्रेणी में ही रखेंगे। लेकिन यह सोचना कि लिंडन जॉनसन किसी स्वतंत्र एजेंट की तरह काम कर रहे थे और अपने दम पर ये सारे विचार लेकर आए थे, बिल्कुल बकवास है।
Now in my view, if you were to line up the Presidents in the order of who made the greatest accomplishments, you'd put Lyndon Johnson in that arena with both Roosevelts probably, and [Abraham] Lincoln and so on. But the idea that Lyndon Johnson was operating as a free agent and coming up with these ideas on his own is nonsense.
Now in my view, if you were to line up the Presidents in the order of who made the greatest accomplishments, you'd put Lyndon Johnson in that arena with both Roosevelts probably, and [Abraham] Lincoln and so on. But the idea that Lyndon Johnson was operating as a free agent and coming up with these ideas on his own is nonsense.
[लिंडन] जॉनसन उस अश्वेत स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन का जवाब दे रहे थे जो देश को चीर रहा था और उन्होंने एक रूढ़िवादी राजनेता के तौर पर वही किया जो उन्हें करना ही था।
[Lyndon ] Johnson was responding to a black freedom movement that was tearing the country open and he did what he had to do as a conservative politician.
[Lyndon ] Johnson was responding to a black freedom movement that was tearing the country open and he did what he had to do as a conservative politician.
मैं [लिंडन] जॉनसन को वियतनाम युद्ध और डोमिनिकन गणराज्य पर आक्रमण आदि के रूप में देखता हूँ। इसलिए मैं उस अर्थ में कोई उदारवादी (लिबरल) नहीं हूँ, क्योंकि मैं उदारवादियों को उसी सत्ता-तंत्र (इस्टेब्लिशमेंट) का हिस्सा मानता हूँ।
I see [Lyndon] Johnson as the war in Vietnam, and the invasion of the Dominican Republic and so on. So I'm not a liberal in that sense, because i think of liberals as part of that establishment.
I see [Lyndon] Johnson as the war in Vietnam, and the invasion of the Dominican Republic and so on. So I'm not a liberal in that sense, because i think of liberals as part of that establishment.
[बराक] ओबामा से मुझे कोई निराशा नहीं हुई, क्योंकि पूरे चुनाव प्रचार के दौरान वे यही कहते रहे कि मैं एक व्यावहारिक, बीच का रास्ता निकालने वाला और समझौते की राजनीति करने वाला राजनेता हूँ।
[Barack] Obama doesn't disappoint me, because all during the campaign he said, I'm a pragmatic, middle-of-the-road, compromising politician.
[Barack] Obama doesn't disappoint me, because all during the campaign he said, I'm a pragmatic, middle-of-the-road, compromising politician.
दक्षिणपंथी खेमे ने कहा, [बराक ओबामा] झूठ बोल रहे हैं, वे एक समाजवादी हैं जो आतंकवादियों के यार हैं, वे गुप्त मुस्लिम हैं और तमाम तरह की बातें। यही उनका नैरेटिव था। उदारवादियों ने कहा, वे मुझे आँख मार रहे हैं, मैं महसूस कर सकता हूँ कि वे मेरी तरफ आँख मार रहे हैं। वे आँख नहीं मार रहे थे। उन्होंने बिल्कुल साफ बता दिया था कि वे कौन हैं और उन्होंने ठीक उसी के अनुसार अपना जीवन जिया है।
The Right said, [Barack Obama] is lying, he's a socialist who pals around with terrorists, he's a secret Muslim and blah blah blah. That was their line. The liberals all said, He's winking at me, I can feel him winking in my direction. He wasn't winking. He said exactly who he was and he's lived that out perfectly.
The Right said, [Barack Obama] is lying, he's a socialist who pals around with terrorists, he's a secret Muslim and blah blah blah. That was their line. The liberals all said, He's winking at me, I can feel him winking in my direction. He wasn't winking. He said exactly who he was and he's lived that out perfectly.
आप तभी निराश हो सकते हैं जब आपने सोचा हो कि [बराक ओबामा] कुछ ऐसे हैं जो उन्होंने कभी कहा ही नहीं था कि वे हैं!
You can be disappointed but only if you thought [Barack Obama] was something that he said he wasn't!
You can be disappointed but only if you thought [Barack Obama] was something that he said he wasn't!
हर राजनेता—एफडीआर (रूज़वेल्ट), लिंडन जॉनसन, अब्राहम लिंकन, बराक ओबामा—वे स्वभाव से रूढ़िवादी होते हैं। वे इस विशाल व्यवस्था का हिस्सा हैं और एक बेहद सीमित दायरे में काम कर रहे हैं।
Every politician - FDR, Lyndon Johnson, Abraham Lincoln, Barack Obama - they're all conservative by nature. They are part of the big thing and they're moving in a very constrained world.
Every politician - FDR, Lyndon Johnson, Abraham Lincoln, Barack Obama - they're all conservative by nature. They are part of the big thing and they're moving in a very constrained world.
विद्रोही, आयोजक, कार्यकर्ता और बुद्धिजीवी उन नियमों से बंधे नहीं होते। हम यह पता लगाने की कोशिश नहीं कर रहे होते कि इस पेचीदा काम को कैसे अंजाम दिया जाए।
Agitators, organizers, activists, intellectuals aren't bound by those rules. We're not trying to figure out, how do I thread this particular needle?
Agitators, organizers, activists, intellectuals aren't bound by those rules. We're not trying to figure out, how do I thread this particular needle?
[बराक ओबामा] सीनेट के लिए चुनाव लड़ रहे थे और कह रहे थे कि मैं समलैंगिक विवाह (गे मैरिज) के समर्थन में नहीं हूँ क्योंकि मैं एक ईसाई हूँ। जाकर किसी पुल से कूद जाओ! मेरा मतलब है कि तुम किस बकवास बात कर रहे हो? जानते हैं, मेरा मतलब है, अब वे क्या कर रहे हैं? वे 'विकसित' (evolved) हो रहे हैं। विकसित हो रहे हैं? अरे भगवान के लिए अब तो विकसित हो जाओ! और यह वो इंसान था—पूरा समलैंगिक समुदाय, पूरा पर्यावरण समुदाय और बाकी तमाम लोगों ने कहा था, यही हमारा आदमी है।
[Barack Obama] was running for Senate and he's saying, I'm not for gay marriage because I'm a Christian. Jump off a bridge! I mean what the hell are you talking about? You know, I mean, what's he doing now? He's evolving. Evolving? Well, evolve for Christ's sake! And this is a guy - the whole gay community, and the whole environmental community and all these other people said, he's our guy.
[Barack Obama] was running for Senate and he's saying, I'm not for gay marriage because I'm a Christian. Jump off a bridge! I mean what the hell are you talking about? You know, I mean, what's he doing now? He's evolving. Evolving? Well, evolve for Christ's sake! And this is a guy - the whole gay community, and the whole environmental community and all these other people said, he's our guy.
अगर आप उनकी बहस सुनें, तो [बराक ओबामा] और [जॉन] मैककेन ने समलैंगिक अधिकारों के बारे में बिल्कुल एक जैसी बात कही थी।
If you listen to the debate, [Barack Obama] and [John] McCain said the same thing about gay rights.
If you listen to the debate, [Barack Obama] and [John] McCain said the same thing about gay rights.
यहाँ तक कि ओबामा के जनरलों ने, उनके पेंटागन ने उन्हें बताया कि क्या करना है। और समलैंगिक अधिकारों की बयार को रोकना नामुमकिन है। और आप कह सकते हैं कि ओबामा हमारी मदद करेंगे, और शायद वे करेंगे भी, लेकिन तभी जब मैदान में हमारी तरफ से ऐसा दबाव हो जो उन्हें हमारी मदद करने पर मजबूर कर दे। सच कहूँ तो, जमीन पर उतरा हुआ समलैंगिक आंदोलन उन महान प्रेरणादायक ताकतों में से एक रहा है जिसने राजनेताओं को वह करने पर मजबूर किया जो वे करते हैं।
Even there, [Barack] Obama's generals, his Pentagon, they're telling him what to do. And the force for gay rights is inevitable. And you can say Obama will help us, and maybe he will, but only if we have something on the ground that will make him help us. Frankly, the gay movement on the ground has been one of the great propulsive things that has made politicians do what they do.
Even there, [Barack] Obama's generals, his Pentagon, they're telling him what to do. And the force for gay rights is inevitable. And you can say Obama will help us, and maybe he will, but only if we have something on the ground that will make him help us. Frankly, the gay movement on the ground has been one of the great propulsive things that has made politicians do what they do.
इतिहास का सबसे बड़ा और अचूक उदाहरण, ज़ाहिर है, अब्राहम लिंकन का है, जो महान मुक्तिदाता थे। उनके भाषण पढ़िए। उनकी बहसें पढ़िए। वेंडेल फिलिप्स ने उन्हें "इलिनोइस का महान गुलाम मालिक" कहा था।
The great example, the killer example in history, is of course Abraham Lincoln, the great emancipator. Read his speeches. Read the debates. Wendell Phillips called him "the great slaver from Illinois."
The great example, the killer example in history, is of course Abraham Lincoln, the great emancipator. Read his speeches. Read the debates. Wendell Phillips called him "the great slaver from Illinois."
फ्रेडरिक डगलस ने 1864 में दूसरी बार [अब्राहम लिंकन] के खिलाफ प्राइमरी चुनाव लड़ा था। लोग उनसे नफरत करते थे। वे उनसे क्यों नफरत करते थे? क्योंकि वे ऐसी बातें कहते थे जैसे "मैं श्वेत सर्वोच्चता (व्हाइट सुप्रीमेसी) में विश्वास करता हूँ।"
Frederick Douglass ran a primary campaign against [Abraham Lincoln] the second time around, in 1864. They hated him. Why'd they hate him? Because he said things like "I believe in white supremacy."
Frederick Douglass ran a primary campaign against [Abraham Lincoln] the second time around, in 1864. They hated him. Why'd they hate him? Because he said things like "I believe in white supremacy."
यह बात [अब्राहम] लिंकन ने कही थी। "गोरा आदमी हमेशा काले आदमी से ऊपर रहेगा। मैं नहीं चाहता कि वे चुनाव लड़ें, या उन्हें राजनीतिक अधिकार मिलें, या वे वोट डालें। मैं चाहता हूं कि वे वापस अफ्रीका चले जाएं।"
That's what [Abraham] Lincoln said. "The white man will always be above the black man. I don't want them to run for office, or have political rights, or vote. I want them to go back to Africa."
That's what [Abraham] Lincoln said. "The white man will always be above the black man. I don't want them to run for office, or have political rights, or vote. I want them to go back to Africa."
मुझे सच में लगता है कि [बराक ओबामा] की दोबारा चुनाव जीतने की रणनीति बेहद गलत है। वे इस बात पर भरोसा कर रहे हैं कि रिपब्लिकन पार्टी खुद-ब-खुद तबाह हो जाएगी, और हो सकता है वे हो भी जाएं, लेकिन शायद वे न भी हों। इसलिए हो सकता है कि वे सिर्फ एक कार्यकाल के राष्ट्रपति बनकर रह जाएं।
I do think [Barack Obama's] strategy for re-election is so misguided. He's counting on the Republicans to self-destruct, and they might, you know, but they might not. So he might be a one-term president.
I do think [Barack Obama's] strategy for re-election is so misguided. He's counting on the Republicans to self-destruct, and they might, you know, but they might not. So he might be a one-term president.
इस बात में कुछ तो ऐसा था कि हमारे देश के लंबे और दुखद इतिहास को देखते हुए, अब एक अश्वेत अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति बन गया था—वह बात बेहद रोमांचक थी।
Something about the fact that an African American had, given the long sad history of our country, now become President - that was exhilarating.
Something about the fact that an African American had, given the long sad history of our country, now become President - that was exhilarating.
इस बात से एक साफ राहत महसूस हुई कि जॉर्ज [डब्ल्यू] बुश जा रहे थे और रिपब्लिकन पार्टी पीछे हट गई थी और वह एक अद्भुत अहसास था।
There was a sense of palpable relief that George [W.] Bush was leaving and that the Republicans had slipped back and that was a wonderful feeling.
There was a sense of palpable relief that George [W.] Bush was leaving and that the Republicans had slipped back and that was a wonderful feeling.
मुझे वह जगह मिल गई जहाँ चालीस साल पहले मुझे पीट-पीटकर लहूलुहान कर दिया गया था और घसीटते हुए जेल ले जाया गया था और उस बात ने मुझे रुला दिया। जब मेरा परिवार सामने आया, तो उस बात ने मुझे रुला दिया, और ग्रांट पार्क छोड़ने में मुझे इसलिए मुश्किल हुई क्योंकि एक दस लाख लोगों को इस तरह देखना, उस दस लाख लोगों के मन में चल रहे उस अहसास को महसूस करना, इतना रोमांचक था।
I found the place where I was beaten bloody forty years earlier and dragged to jail and that made me cry. When the family came out, that made me cry, and the reason I had a hard time leaving Grant Park was that to see a million people like that, feeling the way that million people felt, was so exhilarating.
I found the place where I was beaten bloody forty years earlier and dragged to jail and that made me cry. When the family came out, that made me cry, and the reason I had a hard time leaving Grant Park was that to see a million people like that, feeling the way that million people felt, was so exhilarating.
यह [बराक ओबामा] की वजह से नहीं था; यह जमीन पर मौजूद उस अहसास की वजह से था; यह एक बुजुर्ग अश्वेत महिला को व्हीलचेयर पर बैठे देखना था जिसे उसका बेटा आगे धकेल रहा था और वह एक बड़ा सा अमेरिकी झंडा लहरा रही थी, और फिर एक ऐसे आदमी को देखना था जो अपनी गोद में अपने बच्चे को लिए हुए था और कह रहा था, "मैं नहीं चाहता था कि वह आज की रात को चूके! मैं चाहता था कि मैं उसे इसके बारे में बता सकूं!" और इन सभी लोगों को देखना, एक हिस्पैनिक पुलिसकर्मी का एक बूढ़ी गोरी महिला के साथ नाचना, वाह! मेरा मतलब है, मैं ऐसी ही दुनिया में रहना चाहता हूँ, और चूंकि यह वह दुनिया है जिसमें मैं रहना चाहता हूँ, इसलिए वहाँ से निकलना मेरे लिए मुश्किल था।
It wasn't [Barack] Obama per se; it was the feeling on the ground; it was seeing an old black woman in a wheelchair being wheeled by her son waving a big American flag, and then seeing a guy with his baby in his arms saying, "I didn't want her to miss tonight! I wanted to be able to tell her!" And to see all these people, a Hispanic cop dancing with an old white woman, wow! I mean, that's the world I want to live in, and because it's the world I want to live in, I had a hard time leaving.
It wasn't [Barack] Obama per se; it was the feeling on the ground; it was seeing an old black woman in a wheelchair being wheeled by her son waving a big American flag, and then seeing a guy with his baby in his arms saying, "I didn't want her to miss tonight! I wanted to be able to tell her!" And to see all these people, a Hispanic cop dancing with an old white woman, wow! I mean, that's the world I want to live in, and because it's the world I want to live in, I had a hard time leaving.
वह डेमोक्रेटिक पार्टी थी, वह राष्ट्रपति का चुनाव था। हमने एक राष्ट्रपति [बराक ओबामा] चुना था; हमने कोई राजा नहीं चुना था। इसलिए अगले तीन महीनों की सारी अटकलें—लोग उनके घर के बाहर डेरा डाले हुए हैं, यह सोच रहे हैं कि कौन मिलने आ रहा है, कौन विदेश मंत्री बनेगा—वह सब मुझे मूर्खतापूर्ण और बेकार लगा।
It was the Democratic Party, it was the Presidential election. We elected a president [Barack Obama]; we didn't elect a king. So all the speculation in the next three months - people camped out at his house, and wondering who's coming to visit, who's going to be the Secretary of State - that all struck me as inane and stupid.
It was the Democratic Party, it was the Presidential election. We elected a president [Barack Obama]; we didn't elect a king. So all the speculation in the next three months - people camped out at his house, and wondering who's coming to visit, who's going to be the Secretary of State - that all struck me as inane and stupid.
हमने अभी-अभी बजट का यह तमाशा देखा है, है ना? तिहत्तर प्रतिशत अमेरिकी अमीरों पर कर लगाना चाहते हैं। राजनेता इसका जवाब क्यों नहीं दे पा रहे हैं? क्योंकि वे खुद अमीर हैं। और वे अमीरों के प्रति वफादार हैं। यह एक बंधक बनी हुई व्यवस्था है।
We just watched this budget debacle right? Seventy-three percent of Americans want to tax the rich. Why can't the politicians respond to that? Because they are the rich. And they are beholden to the rich. It's a captured system.
We just watched this budget debacle right? Seventy-three percent of Americans want to tax the rich. Why can't the politicians respond to that? Because they are the rich. And they are beholden to the rich. It's a captured system.
राजनेता स्वभाव से रूढ़िवादी होते हैं।
Politicians are conservative by nature.
Politicians are conservative by nature.
यह सामाजिक परिवर्तन की फितरत में है। इसलिए आप इसका विश्लेषण कर सकते हैं कि क्या काम नहीं किया, लेकिन यह अनुमान लगाना बहुत कठिन है कि क्या काम करेगा।
That's in the nature of social change. So you can analyze what didn't work, but it's very hard to predict what will work.
That's in the nature of social change. So you can analyze what didn't work, but it's very hard to predict what will work.
मेरे लिए इसका बस इतना ही मतलब है कि जिन लोगों के पास एक बेहतर दुनिया का सपना है, उनकी यह जिम्मेदारी है कि वे अपनी आँखें खुली रखें, ध्यान दें, पल की माँग के अनुसार काम करें और उस काम को लेकर विनम्र रहें।
All that means to me is that people who have a vision of a better world have a responsibility to open their eyes, to pay attention, to act on what the moment demands, and to be humble about that action.
All that means to me is that people who have a vision of a better world have a responsibility to open their eyes, to pay attention, to act on what the moment demands, and to be humble about that action.
मैं जानता हूँ कि एक वेदरमैन (रैडिकल ग्रुप के सदस्य) के मुँह से यह बात थोड़ी अजीब लग सकती है, लेकिन विनम्र होने से मेरा मतलब यह है कि आपको इस बात पर संदेह होना चाहिए कि आपके किसी काम से कोई फर्क पड़ा भी है या नहीं। इसलिए आपको अपनी आँखें खुली रखनी होंगी, काम करना होगा और संदेह करना होगा। और फिर आपको यह प्रक्रिया जीवन भर दोहराते रहना होगा।
I know that's a little jarring, coming from a Weatherman, but what I mean by being humble is doubting if your action did anything. So you have to open your eyes, act and doubt. And then you have to repeat for a lifetime.
I know that's a little jarring, coming from a Weatherman, but what I mean by being humble is doubting if your action did anything. So you have to open your eyes, act and doubt. And then you have to repeat for a lifetime.
आइए बहुत जल्दी से दो चीजों पर नजर डालते हैं: साठ के दशक में मिसिसिपी का नागरिक अधिकार आंदोलन और ट्यूनीशिया और काहिरा से शुरू हुई अरब स्प्रिंग। उन दोनों में एक बात समान थी—वे लोग जिन्हें यह बताया गया था, और जिन्होंने अपने मन में यह मान लिया था कि वे एक खास तरह के हैं, और पूरा समाज भी यही मानता था।
Let's look at two things real quickly: the civil rights movement in Mississippi in the Sixties and the Arab Spring starting in Tunisia and Cairo. What they had in common was people who were told, and who believed inside themselves, that they were a certain way, and the society at large believed it.
Let's look at two things real quickly: the civil rights movement in Mississippi in the Sixties and the Arab Spring starting in Tunisia and Cairo. What they had in common was people who were told, and who believed inside themselves, that they were a certain way, and the society at large believed it.
हमेशा से विरोध होता रहा है और हमेशा एक दूसरा नैरेटिव भी मौजूद रहा है, लेकिन बीसवीं सदी की शुरुआत से ही हमें यही बताया जाता रहा कि दक्षिण के अश्वेत लोग शिक्षा नहीं चाहते, वे वोट नहीं देना चाहते, वे सीधे-साधे लोग हैं, वे यह नहीं चाहते, वे वो नहीं चाहते।
There was always resistance and there was always a counter-narrative, but we were told all through the early twentieth century that black people in the South don't want an education, they don't want to vote, they're simple people, they don't want this, they don't want that.
There was always resistance and there was always a counter-narrative, but we were told all through the early twentieth century that black people in the South don't want an education, they don't want to vote, they're simple people, they don't want this, they don't want that.
मुझे लगता है कि आप लोग हमसे ज्यादा समझदार हैं, लेकिन हमारे पास दो चीजें थीं: एक तो यह कि अपनी नादानी में हम मानते थे कि हम दुनिया बदल सकते हैं। और दूसरी बात यह थी, हम मानते थे कि एक दूसरी दुनिया मुमकिन है। और एक बार जब वह विश्वास कुछ खास लोगों के मन में घर कर गया—भले ही वह एक बहुत छोटा अल्पसंख्यक वर्ग था, लेकिन लोगों का एक निर्णायक हिस्सा था—तो सचमुच दुनिया बदल गई।
I think that you're smarter than we were, but we had two things: one is, in our naïveté we believed we could change the world. And number two, we believed that another world was possible. And once that belief took hold of some critical mass, a tiny minority nonetheless, but a critical mass of people, then the world did change.
I think that you're smarter than we were, but we had two things: one is, in our naïveté we believed we could change the world. And number two, we believed that another world was possible. And once that belief took hold of some critical mass, a tiny minority nonetheless, but a critical mass of people, then the world did change.
यह बात इसलिए फैली क्योंकि परिसरों में, स्टूडेंट नॉनवाएलिउड कोऑर्डिनेटिंग कमेटी (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) भर्ती कर रही थी, संगठन बना रही थी। स्टूडेंट्स फॉर अ डेमोक्रेटिक सोसाइटी की स्थापना मिशिगन में मेरे वहाँ पहुँचने से कुछ ही साल पहले हुई थी। इसलिए, राजनीतिक चेतना का एक ज्वार उठ रहा था। यह तो बस शुरुआत थी।
It transmitted because on the campuses, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was recruiting, was organizing. Students for a Democratic Society was founded at Michigan just a couple years before I got there. So, there was a kind of a churning of political awareness. It was just beginning.
It transmitted because on the campuses, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was recruiting, was organizing. Students for a Democratic Society was founded at Michigan just a couple years before I got there. So, there was a kind of a churning of political awareness. It was just beginning.
मेरे पिता थियोडोर रूजवेल्ट के समर्थक थे।
My dad was a [Theodor] Roosevelt Democrat.
My dad was a [Theodor] Roosevelt Democrat.
जब मेरे पिता मिशिगन यूनिवर्सिटी में थे, तब मेरी माँ एक सोशल वर्कर थीं। जैसे-जैसे उनका कद बढ़ा, उन्होंने पहले एडलाई स्टीवेन्सन को वोट दिया। फिर उन्होंने ड्वाइट आइजनहावर को वोट दिया। इसके बाद वे लगातार तब तक रिपब्लिकन पार्टी को वोट देते रहे जब तक कि उन्होंने बराक ओबामा को वोट नहीं दिया। तो यह अपने आप में काफी हैरान करने वाली बात है। वैसे आइजनहावर ने अपने दूसरे कार्यकाल में उन्हें कैबिनेट पद की पेशकश भी की थी। इसलिए वे एक उदारवादी (मॉडरेट) रिपब्लिकन थे। लेकिन अगर आप उनसे पूछते, तो वे यही कहते, "मेरी कोई राजनीतिक विचारधारा नहीं है। मैं एक व्यापारी हूँ।" यानी अमेरिकी मुख्यधारा की वही सोच, जिसे वे समझते थे।
When [my dad] was at the University of Michigan, my mom was a social-worker. As he rose, he voted for [Adlai] Stevenson initially. Then he voted for [Dwight] Eisenhower. Then he kept voting Republican until he voted for Barack Obama. So that's kind of amazing. But he was offered a cabinet post by Eisenhower in his second term. So he was moderate Republican. But if you asked him, he would've said, "I don't have any politics. I'm a business person." Mainstream, the American view, as he understood it.
When [my dad] was at the University of Michigan, my mom was a social-worker. As he rose, he voted for [Adlai] Stevenson initially. Then he voted for [Dwight] Eisenhower. Then he kept voting Republican until he voted for Barack Obama. So that's kind of amazing. But he was offered a cabinet post by Eisenhower in his second term. So he was moderate Republican. But if you asked him, he would've said, "I don't have any politics. I'm a business person." Mainstream, the American view, as he understood it.
मैं कमोबेश इसी बात पर यकीन रखता था कि जिंदगी खुलकर जी जानी चाहिए।
I more or less shared the view that life should be lived.
I more or less shared the view that life should be lived.
जब मैं बच्चा था, तो मैं सिर्फ तभी पढ़ाई करता था जब बहुत जरूरी होता था, बाकी समय मैं बस जीने में व्यस्त रहता था।
I was a kid and I studied when I had to [live].
I was a kid and I studied when I had to [live].
मिशिगन में मैं पढ़ाई के मामले में बेहद खराब छात्र था, बहुत ही बुरा। क्योंकि वहाँ करने को और भी बहुत कुछ था। कक्षा में जाने के बजाय मैं कई अन्य स्रोतों से सीख रहा था।
I was terrible student at Michigan, terrible. Because there was too much else to do. I was learning form too many other sources to go to class.
I was terrible student at Michigan, terrible. Because there was too much else to do. I was learning form too many other sources to go to class.
पिताजी के साथ हमारी अक्सर बहस होती थी और मिशिगन में रहने के दौरान तो हमारे बीच अनगिनत बार बहसें हुईं।
We have arguments [with my father] and we had a lot of arguments in the years when I was at Michigan.
We have arguments [with my father] and we had a lot of arguments in the years when I was at Michigan.
जाहिर है कि मेरे माता-पिता डॉ. बेंजामिन स्पॉक की परवरिश की शैली से प्रभावित थे, इसलिए वे काफी सहनशील थे।
Certainly my parents were Dr. [Benjamin] Spock-driven parents. So they were tolerant.
Certainly my parents were Dr. [Benjamin] Spock-driven parents. So they were tolerant.
मैं भूमिगत हो गया था। इसलिए मैंने 11 साल तक अपने पिता को नहीं देखा। यकीनन वह समय मेरे माता-पिता के लिए बेहद कष्टदायक रहा होगा।
I went underground. So I didn't see [my father] for 11 years. So that was pretty traumatic time for my parents for sure.
I went underground. So I didn't see [my father] for 11 years. So that was pretty traumatic time for my parents for sure.
उस पूरे वीकेंड के दौरान मैं और मेरा भाई कई बार मिले ताकि यह तय कर सकें कि हम में से हर कोई क्या करेगा। हम सिट-इन (धरने) वाली सुबह नाश्ते पर मिले और मैंने तय कर लिया था कि मैं गिरफ्तारी दूँगा, जबकि उसने यह मुश्किल काम चुना कि वह जाकर हमारे माता-पिता को बताए कि मुझे गिरफ्तार कर लिया गया है।
My brother and I met several times during that weekend trying to figure out what we were each going to do, and we met for breakfast the morning of the sit-in and I had decided that I was going to go get arrested, and he decided that he was going to have the harder job and go tell our parents that I'd been arrested.
My brother and I met several times during that weekend trying to figure out what we were each going to do, and we met for breakfast the morning of the sit-in and I had decided that I was going to go get arrested, and he decided that he was going to have the harder job and go tell our parents that I'd been arrested.
गिरफ्तार होने ने मेरे लिए सब कुछ बदल कर रख दिया क्योंकि अचानक मुझे अमेरिका को देखने का एक बिल्कुल नया नजरिया मिल गया था। मैंने काउंटी जेल में कुछ हफ्ते बिताए।
Being arrested that also changed everything for me because I was suddenly seeing America from a different perspective all together. I did a couple of weeks in a county jail.
Being arrested that also changed everything for me because I was suddenly seeing America from a different perspective all together. I did a couple of weeks in a county jail.
यह याद रखना जरूरी है कि 1965 में करीब 20% अमेरिकी युद्ध के खिलाफ थे, जबकि लगभग 70% लोग युद्ध के समर्थन में थे। इसलिए, यह कोई लोकप्रिय या आसान काम नहीं था।
It's worth remembering that in 1965, something like 20% of Americans were against the war. Something like 70% were for the war. So, it wasn't a popular or an easy thing to do.
It's worth remembering that in 1965, something like 20% of Americans were against the war. Something like 70% were for the war. So, it wasn't a popular or an easy thing to do.
स्टूडेंट्स फॉर ए डेमोक्रेटिक सोसाइटी एक सामाजिक-लोकतांत्रिक कार्यक्रम है।
[Students for a Democratic Society] it's a social democratic program.
[Students for a Democratic Society] it's a social democratic program.
1960 के दशक के मध्य में हम सब की स्थिति कुछ ऐसी ही थी। मिशिगन यूनिवर्सिटी के समाजवादियों के एक छोटे से समूह से शुरू होकर 'स्टूडेंट्स फॉर ए डेमोक्रेटिक सोसाइटी' एक राष्ट्रीय संगठन बन गया, और कई मायनों में इसके बढ़ने की मुख्य वजह वियतनाम युद्ध था।
That's where we all kind of were in the mid-1960s. Students for a Democratic Society grew from a small group of socialists at the university of Michigan into a national organization, and in many ways, its growth was driven by the Vietnam War.
That's where we all kind of were in the mid-1960s. Students for a Democratic Society grew from a small group of socialists at the university of Michigan into a national organization, and in many ways, its growth was driven by the Vietnam War.
स्टूडेंट्स फॉर ए डेमोक्रेटिक सोसाइटी हर जगह नागरिक अधिकार आंदोलन से भी जुड़ा हुआ था।
Students for a Democratic Society was also affiliated with the civil rights movement everywhere.
Students for a Democratic Society was also affiliated with the civil rights movement everywhere.
इसलिए हम खुशी से पागल हो रहे थे और एन आबर के कैंपस में हम सब स्वतःस्फूर्त तरीके से झूम उठे, और हम में से लगभग 4,000 लोग मिशिगन यूनिवर्सिटी के प्रेसिडेंट के घर की सीढ़ियों पर जा पहुंचे।
So we were ecstatic and we swirled around spontaneously, the campus in Ann Harbor and about 4,000 of us landed on the steps of the president of the University of Michigan's home.
So we were ecstatic and we swirled around spontaneously, the campus in Ann Harbor and about 4,000 of us landed on the steps of the president of the University of Michigan's home.
वियतनाम युद्ध को चलते हुए तीन साल हो चुके थे। और हमें लगा था कि हमने इसे खत्म कर दिया है क्योंकि हमने ठीक वही किया था जो हमसे कहा गया था और जो हमने खुद से कहा था कि हमें करना चाहिए। हमारे पास बहुमत था। हम युद्ध के खिलाफ थे और इस बात ने लोकतंत्र और युद्ध-विरोधी आंदोलन के सामने एक संकट पैदा कर दिया।
The [Vietnam] war's gone on for three years. And we'd thought we'd ended it because we'd done exactly what we were told and what we told ourselves we'd had to do. We had a majority. We were against the war and this created a crisis for democracy and a crisis for the antiwar movement.
The [Vietnam] war's gone on for three years. And we'd thought we'd ended it because we'd done exactly what we were told and what we told ourselves we'd had to do. We had a majority. We were against the war and this created a crisis for democracy and a crisis for the antiwar movement.
यह सोचना कि शिक्षण कार्य का मतलब सिर्फ परोस देना है, यह इस बात की पूरी तरह से गलतफहमी है कि असल में वहाँ क्या होता है।
The idea that teaching is somehow the delivery of the goods is such a misunderstanding of what actually goes on.
The idea that teaching is somehow the delivery of the goods is such a misunderstanding of what actually goes on.
शिक्षा कोई वस्तु नहीं बल्कि एक अधिकार है, एक यात्रा है, एक प्रक्रिया है, और यह एक ऐसा मूल्य है जिसके लिए हमें डटे रहना होगा, चाहे यह कितना भी कठिन क्यों न हो।
Education is a right, it's a journey, it's a process, and it's something we have to stand for, as hard as it is.
Education is a right, it's a journey, it's a process, and it's something we have to stand for, as hard as it is.
जब आप शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में कदम रखते हैं तो आपके मन में लोगों की जिंदगी में बदलाव लाने, बच्चों से प्यार करने और उनके साथ काम करने के सपने होते हैं, लेकिन शिक्षा के किसी भी कॉलेज में इन बातों को बढ़ावा नहीं दिया जाता। फिर जब आप स्कूलों में काम करने जाते हैं, खासकर न्यूयॉर्क शहर और शिकागो जैसे स्थानों पर जिनसे मैं सबसे ज्यादा वाकिफ हूँ, तो आप पाते हैं कि आपके इन बड़े सपनों को एक बेहद सोची-समझी व्यवस्था के तहत कुचल दिया जाता है - और इसके बावजूद लोग डटे रहते हैं।
When you go into a college of education you've got aspirations of making a difference in people's lives, of loving children, of working with kids, but none of that is affirmed in your college of education. Then you go working in schools, especially in places like New York City and Chicago that I'm most familiar with, and you find these huge aspirations are beaten out of you in a very systematic way - and still people persevere.
When you go into a college of education you've got aspirations of making a difference in people's lives, of loving children, of working with kids, but none of that is affirmed in your college of education. Then you go working in schools, especially in places like New York City and Chicago that I'm most familiar with, and you find these huge aspirations are beaten out of you in a very systematic way - and still people persevere.
ब्लूमबर्ग/क्लीन प्रशासन (न्यूयॉर्क शहर में) के सबसे बड़े गुनाहों में से एक यह है कि उन्होंने खुद को समुदायों से पूरी तरह काट लिया है, मानो समुदायों के पास इस बात को लेकर कहने के लिए कुछ है ही नहीं कि खुद उनके और उनके बच्चों के लिए उनकी जरूरतें और उम्मीदें क्या हैं।
One of the great crimes of the Bloomberg/Klein administration [in New York City] is that they've removed themselves from communities, as if communities have nothing to say about what their needs and aspirations are for themselves and for their children.
One of the great crimes of the Bloomberg/Klein administration [in New York City] is that they've removed themselves from communities, as if communities have nothing to say about what their needs and aspirations are for themselves and for their children.
हम असल में यह कह रहे हैं कि यह वह सिद्धांत है जिसकी ओर मैं बढ़ना चाहूँगा। जिंदगी में यह एक बिल्कुल अलग भूमिका है। मैंने बराक ओबामा से यह उम्मीद नहीं की थी कि वे चीज़ों की तह तक जाएंगे। मैंने उनसे किसी भी मुद्दे पर किसी सैद्धांतिक रुख की उम्मीद नहीं रखी थी। मेरा मतलब है, बस उस इंसान पर थोड़ा सा ध्यान दीजिए।
We're actually saying, here's a principle that I'd like to arc toward. That's a very different role in life. I didn't expect [Barack] Obama to go to the root of things. I didn't expect him to have a principled position on anything. I mean, just pay some moderate attention to the guy.
We're actually saying, here's a principle that I'd like to arc toward. That's a very different role in life. I didn't expect [Barack] Obama to go to the root of things. I didn't expect him to have a principled position on anything. I mean, just pay some moderate attention to the guy.
चाहे साम्राज्यवाद हो या वैश्वीकरण - मुझे यह परवाह करने की जरूरत नहीं है कि इसे क्या कहा जाता है, मैं बस इससे नफरत करता हूँ।
Imperialism or globalization - I don't have to care what it's called to hate it.
Imperialism or globalization - I don't have to care what it's called to hate it.
मुझे कैफीन की लत है।
I have an addiction to caffeine.
I have an addiction to caffeine.
मैंने किसी भी बेकसूर इंसान की जान नहीं ली।
I didn't kill innocent people.
I didn't kill innocent people.
मैं बराक ओबामा को अच्छी तरह जानता था, बिल्कुल। और मैं उन्हें शायद उतना ही जानता था जितने शिकागो के दूसरे हजारों लोग।
I knew Barack Obama, absolutely. And I knew him probably as well as thousands of other Chicagoans.
I knew Barack Obama, absolutely. And I knew him probably as well as thousands of other Chicagoans.
मैं युवाओं से यही कहूँगा: वैचारिक जकड़न में मत पड़िए। विचारों के किसी निश्चित ढांचे से संचालित मत होइए।
I would say for the young: Don't be straight jacketed by ideology. Don't be driven by a structure of ideas.
I would say for the young: Don't be straight jacketed by ideology. Don't be driven by a structure of ideas.
पुरानी बातें लेकर रोना और यह राग अलापना कि पहले सब कितना अच्छा था, इससे ज्यादा बोरिंग कुछ नहीं हो सकता।
Nothing is more boring than some old person going on and on about the way things used to be.
Nothing is more boring than some old person going on and on about the way things used to be.
मैं एक आनुवंशिक कमजोरी से पीड़ित हूँ, वह यह कि मेरी माँ एक ऐसी इंसान थीं जो हर हाल में बस उम्मीद का दामन थामे रखती थीं।
I suffer from a genetic flaw, which is that my mother was a hopeless Pollyanna.
I suffer from a genetic flaw, which is that my mother was a hopeless Pollyanna.
मुझे लगता है कि मैं एक रैडिकल (विद्रोही विचारक) हूँ। मैं इस बात से कभी नहीं भटका। 'रैडिकल' से मेरा मतलब उस इंसान से है जो किसी भी बात की जड़ तक जाने की कोशिश करता है।
I think I am a radical. I have never deviated from that. By radical, I mean someone trying to go to the root of things.
I think I am a radical. I have never deviated from that. By radical, I mean someone trying to go to the root of things.
मैं सुख-सुविधाओं में पला-बढ़ा एक बच्चा था और जब मेरी आँख खुली तो मैंने पाया कि पूरी दुनिया आग की लपटों में घिरी हुई है।
I was a child of privilege and I woke up to a world on fire.
I was a child of privilege and I woke up to a world on fire.
मैं युद्ध-विरोधी आंदोलन से जुड़ा हुआ था।
I was involved in the anti-war movement.
I was involved in the anti-war movement.
काश मैं थोड़ा और समझदार होता। काश मैं और अधिक प्रभावशाली होता, काश मैं लोगों को जोड़ने वाला होता, काश मैं अपने सिद्धांतों पर और दृढ़ता से टिका रहता।
I wish I had been wiser. I wish I had been more effective, I wish I'd been more unifying, I wish I'd been more principled.
I wish I had been wiser. I wish I had been more effective, I wish I'd been more unifying, I wish I'd been more principled.
बड़ी संख्या में लोगों का यह भ्रम टूट चुका है कि यह व्यवस्था लोगों के लिए काम कर रही है, कि यह व्यवस्था न्यायपूर्ण, मानवीय या शांतिपूर्ण है।
Large numbers of people are broken from the notion that the system is working for people, that the system is just or humane or peaceful.
Large numbers of people are broken from the notion that the system is working for people, that the system is just or humane or peaceful.
आतंकवादी अंधाधुंध तबाही मचाते हैं।
Terrorists destroy randomly.
Terrorists destroy randomly.
आप जीवन भर अपने मन में इन बच्चों की परवरिश करते रहेंगे। और वे आपको बदल देंगे। इसमें आपका छोटा सा योगदान यह होगा कि आज से बीस साल बाद वे अपनी राह खुद बना रहे होंगे और यही वह विरासत होगी जो आप पीछे छोड़ जाएंगे।
You will be raising these kids in your mind your whole life. And they will change you. Your little contribution to it - twenty years from now, they'll be marching off into other things and that's still the legacy you leave.
You will be raising these kids in your mind your whole life. And they will change you. Your little contribution to it - twenty years from now, they'll be marching off into other things and that's still the legacy you leave.
आज के समय में एक एक्टिविस्ट होने के नाते जीने का तरीका बेहद सीधा है। आपको अपने सामने मौजूद सच्चाई के प्रति अपनी आँखें खोलनी होंगी। आपको देखना होगा और समझना होगा।
The rhythm of being an activist today involves a pretty simple rhythm. You have to open your eyes to the reality before you. You have to look and see.
The rhythm of being an activist today involves a pretty simple rhythm. You have to open your eyes to the reality before you. You have to look and see.
मार्टिन लूथर किंग सिर्फ 13 साल तक एक एक्टिविस्ट रहे और हर साल वे बदलते गए तथा हर साल उनकी सोच और अधिक क्रांतिकारी होती गई। अंत में वे क्रांति का आह्वान कर रहे थे। लोग यह बात नहीं जानते क्योंकि वे उनके जन्मदिन पर जरूरत से ज्यादा प्रार्थना सभाओं में शामिल होते हैं।
Martin Luther King was only an activist for 13 years and every year he changed and every year he became more radical. By the end he was calling for revolution. People don't know this because they go to too many prayer breakfasts on his birthday.
Martin Luther King was only an activist for 13 years and every year he changed and every year he became more radical. By the end he was calling for revolution. People don't know this because they go to too many prayer breakfasts on his birthday.
क्या हम किसी ऐसी दुनिया की कल्पना कर सकते हैं? मैं तो कर सकता हूँ। यह एक ऐसी दुनिया होगी जहाँ काम तार्किक होगा, जो समाज के हित में होगा, और जहाँ हम उपभोक्तावाद के किसी हसीन सपने में अपना वक्त गंवाने के बजाय वाकई में उपयोगी चीज़ों का उत्पादन कर रहे होंगे।
Can we imagine a different world? I can. That's a world where work is rational, it's in the common good, and we're actually producing real things rather than spinning our wheels in dreams of consumer heaven.
Can we imagine a different world? I can. That's a world where work is rational, it's in the common good, and we're actually producing real things rather than spinning our wheels in dreams of consumer heaven.
आपका शरीर हमेशा बदलता रहता है। यह मोटा या पतला होता है, इस पर झुर्रियां या धब्बे पड़ते हैं, और जिस चीज़ पर आपका वाकई नियंत्रण होता है, वह है इस पर कुछ सजावट करना।
Your body's always going through changes. It's fattening or thinning or wrinkling or blotching, and the only thing you really have control over is putting some decoration on it.
Your body's always going through changes. It's fattening or thinning or wrinkling or blotching, and the only thing you really have control over is putting some decoration on it.
मैं हमेशा कहती हूँ कि आपका शरीर आपकी आत्मा का मंदिर है, तो फिर इसे सजाने में हर्ज ही क्या है? मेरे बच्चे कहते हैं, नहीं-नहीं, आपका शरीर आपकी आत्मा का मंदिर है, इसे साफ-सुथरा रखिए। मेरा पूरा शरीर टैटू से भरा हुआ है और मैं जब भी कोई किताब लिखती हूँ, एक नया टैटू बनवा लेती हूँ। मैं उस किताब से जुड़ा टैटू गुदवाती हूँ।
I always say your body is the temple of your spirit, why not decorate it? My kids say, no, no, your body is the temple of your spirit, keep it clean. I'm covered in tattoos and I get a tattoo every time I write a book. I get the tattoo from the book.
I always say your body is the temple of your spirit, why not decorate it? My kids say, no, no, your body is the temple of your spirit, keep it clean. I'm covered in tattoos and I get a tattoo every time I write a book. I get the tattoo from the book.
दुनिया में कहीं भी होने वाला अन्याय हम सब पर हमला है। इसका मतलब यह है कि हम सब मिलकर इसके खिलाफ आवाज उठा सकते हैं।
Injustice anywhere is an assault on all of us. That means that we all can get busy.
Injustice anywhere is an assault on all of us. That means that we all can get busy.
इंसान होने का मतलब ही दर्द सहना है। लेकिन यह जो अनावश्यक दर्द है, वह दर्द जो हम एक-दूसरे को देते हैं, असल में उसे रोका जाना चाहिए।
To be a human being is to suffer. But it's the unnecessary suffering, it's the suffering that we visit upon one another, that really should be stopped.
To be a human being is to suffer. But it's the unnecessary suffering, it's the suffering that we visit upon one another, that really should be stopped.
दिल से मैं एक आशावादी हूँ - मेरी माँ की तरह हर हाल में उम्मीद रखने वाली इंसान - लेकिन दिमाग से मैं एक निराशावादी हूँ। मुझे लगता है कि हम सबको इसी अंतर्द्वंद्व (डायलेक्टिक्स) के साथ जीने की जरूरत है।
I'm an optimist in my heart - I'm a hopeless pollyanna just like my mother - but a pessimist in my head. I think that's the dialectic we all need to be in.
I'm an optimist in my heart - I'm a hopeless pollyanna just like my mother - but a pessimist in my head. I think that's the dialectic we all need to be in.
मैंने पढ़ाया। मैंने विश्वविद्यालयों में व्याख्यान दिए। मैंने अपने छात्रों से बात की। मैंने कुछ सार्वजनिक मंचों पर भी अपनी बात रखी। लेकिन मैंने जो नहीं किया, वह यह कि मेरे चेहरे पर अड़े हुए माइक्रोफोन के आगे सफाई देने लगूँ और ये सवालों के जवाब दूँ कि ओबामा के साथ मेरा क्या रिश्ता है और क्या मैं एक प्रायश्चितहीन आतंकवादी हूँ?
I taught. I lectured at universities. I spoke to my students. I spoke in certain public forums. But what I didn't do was respond to microphones being thrust in my face and saying, what is your relationship with Obama and are you an unrepentant terrorist?
I taught. I lectured at universities. I spoke to my students. I spoke in certain public forums. But what I didn't do was respond to microphones being thrust in my face and saying, what is your relationship with Obama and are you an unrepentant terrorist?
मैंने किताबों के जरिए मुक्ति की हवा में साँस ली, और किताबों के दम पर ही मैंने कैद की दीवारों को लांघ दिया।
I breathed the air of deliverance through books, and through books I leapt over the walls of confinement.
I breathed the air of deliverance through books, and through books I leapt over the walls of confinement.
यह दुनिया अपनी सेना पर हर साल दो ट्रिलियन डॉलर खर्च करती है, और उस दो ट्रिलियन में से अकेले संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका एक ट्रिलियन खर्च करता है। हमारी सेना बाकी पूरी दुनिया की संयुक्त सेना से भी बड़ी है। हमारे पास 150 विदेशी सैन्य अड्डे हैं।
The world spends two trillion dollars a year on military, and of that two trillion the United States spends one trillion. We have a bigger military than the rest of the world put together. We have 150 foreign military bases.
The world spends two trillion dollars a year on military, and of that two trillion the United States spends one trillion. We have a bigger military than the rest of the world put together. We have 150 foreign military bases.
संस्मरण (मेमॉयर) लिखना आत्मकेंद्रित होने की एक बेहद रोमांचक भावना है।
Writing a memoir has a particularly excited sense of narcissism.
Writing a memoir has a particularly excited sense of narcissism.
मेरे लिए, एक्टिविज़्म (सक्रियता) की मांग है कि आप दुनिया जैसी है उसे वैसे ही देखने के लिए अपनी आँखें पूरी तरह खोलने की भरपूर कोशिश करें। जितना हो सके उतना देखें, यह जानते हुए भी कि आप जो कुछ भी देखेंगे वह अधूरा ही होगा। यह जानते हुए कि इस अनंत और फैलते हुए ब्रह्मांड में आपकी समझ सीमित ही है।
To me, activism requires you to try very hard to open your eyes to the world as it is. See as much as you can, knowing that whatever you see is going to be partial. That you possess a partial consciousness in an infinite and expanding universe.
To me, activism requires you to try very hard to open your eyes to the world as it is. See as much as you can, knowing that whatever you see is going to be partial. That you possess a partial consciousness in an infinite and expanding universe.
जिन जोश और संकल्पों ने छात्र जीवन में मेरे भीतर चिंगारी सुगाई थी, वही जोश और संकल्प आज भी मेरे अंदर कायम हैं।
The passions and commitments that ignited my activity as a student are the same passions and commitments that I have today.
The passions and commitments that ignited my activity as a student are the same passions and commitments that I have today.
मैंने ओबामा को वोट दिया था और मुझे बेहद खुशी थी कि वे चुने गए।
I voted for Obama and I was delighted that he's been elected.
I voted for Obama and I was delighted that he's been elected.
कनाडा में हिरासत में होने की अच्छी बात यह है कि यह किसी 'डेज़ इन' होटल जैसा लगता है; यह बहुत साफ़-सुथरा और बहुत अच्छा है।
The nice thing about being detained in Canada is it's like being in a Days Inn; it's very clean and very nice.
The nice thing about being detained in Canada is it's like being in a Days Inn; it's very clean and very nice.
हमें अपनी आँखें खोलनी चाहिए, देखना चाहिए कि हमारे सामने क्या है, और कदम उठाना चाहिए।
We should open our eyes, see what's in front of us, and act.
We should open our eyes, see what's in front of us, and act.
उस समय के हिसाब से शिकागो '68 का प्रदर्शन एक अपेक्षाकृत छोटा प्रदर्शन था, लेकिन मैंने ऐसे लाखों लोगों से बात की है जो दावा करते हैं कि वे वहाँ थे क्योंकि ऐसा महसूस होता था कि हम सब वहीं थे। हमारी पीढ़ी का हर व्यक्ति वहाँ था और वुडस्टॉक में भी था।
Chicago '68 was a relatively small demonstration for its time, but I've talked to millions of people who claim they were there because it felt like we were all there. Everyone from our generation was there and was at Woodstock.
Chicago '68 was a relatively small demonstration for its time, but I've talked to millions of people who claim they were there because it felt like we were all there. Everyone from our generation was there and was at Woodstock.
वियतनाम युद्ध का विरोध करने के लिए मुझे 1965 में गिरफ्तार किया गया था। उस दिन हम 39 लोग गिरफ्तार हुए थे। लेकिन हजारों लोगों ने हमारा विरोध किया था। और तब देश के बहुसंख्यक लोगों का युद्ध को समर्थन था।
I was arrested in 1965 for opposing the war in Vietnam. There were 39 of us arrested that day. But thousands opposed us. And the majority of the people in the country supported the war then.
I was arrested in 1965 for opposing the war in Vietnam. There were 39 of us arrested that day. But thousands opposed us. And the majority of the people in the country supported the war then.
यदि आप अपनी आँखें खोलकर दुनिया को अधिक स्पष्ट रूप से देखने को तैयार नहीं हैं, तो आप न तो कोई राजनीतिक जीवन जी सकते हैं और न ही कोई नैतिक जीवन। आसपास हो रहे कुछ अन्याय को देखें। दुनिया में क्या हो रहा है, इसके प्रति खुद को जागरूक करने का प्रयास करें। और जब आप जागरूक हो जाते हैं, तो कार्रवाई करना आपका दायित्व बन जाता है।
You cannot live a political life, you cannot live a moral life if you're not willing to open your eyes and see the world more clearly. See some of the injustice that's going on. Try to make yourself aware of what's happening in the world. And when you are aware, you have a responsibility to act.
You cannot live a political life, you cannot live a moral life if you're not willing to open your eyes and see the world more clearly. See some of the injustice that's going on. Try to make yourself aware of what's happening in the world. And when you are aware, you have a responsibility to act.
हॉल हाउस की संस्थापक जेन एडम्स ने एक बार पूछा था, "हमें युवाओं के सपनों पर कैसे प्रतिक्रिया देनी चाहिए?" यह एक चमकदार और बेहतरीन सवाल है, एक ऐसा सवाल जिसका जवाब मिलना जरूरी है—वास्तव में कई तरह के जवाब, जो बढ़ते हुए दायरों में बाहर की ओर फैलते जाते हैं।
Jane Addams, founder of Hull House, once asked, "How shall we respond to the dreams of youth?" It is a dazzling and elegant question, a question that demands an answer--a range of answers, really, spiraling outward in widening circles.
Jane Addams, founder of Hull House, once asked, "How shall we respond to the dreams of youth?" It is a dazzling and elegant question, a question that demands an answer--a range of answers, really, spiraling outward in widening circles.
एंड्रयू ब्रेटबार्ट, जो खुद को मीडिया मुगल कहते थे, उनका दिमाग कुछ ढीला था या यूं कहें कि वे सनकी थे और कट्टर दक्षिणपंथ के हंसमुख बम-फेंकू थे। वे एक ऐसे हमलावर कुत्ते थे जिसे कसकर पट्टे में बांधकर रखा जाता था और फुंकारने तथा डराने के लिए खास मौकों पर बाहर निकाला जाता था।
Andrew Breitbart, self-described media mogul, had several screws loose or missing and was the grinning bomb-thrower of the radical right. He was the attack dog kept on a tight leash and brought out on special occasions to hiss and to menace.
Andrew Breitbart, self-described media mogul, had several screws loose or missing and was the grinning bomb-thrower of the radical right. He was the attack dog kept on a tight leash and brought out on special occasions to hiss and to menace.
मैं खुद को कोई बहुत पुरानी यादों में खो रहने वाला व्यक्ति नहीं मानती।
I don't think of myself as a particularly nostalgic person.
I don't think of myself as a particularly nostalgic person.
अब से सौ साल बाद, हम सब मर चुके होंगे। इस बात पर विश्वास करना मुश्किल है। अब से सौ साल बाद, हम रोज़ जिस भी व्यक्ति को देखते हैं, वह इस दुनिया में नहीं रहेगा।
One hundred years from now, we'll all be dead. It's hard to believe. One hundred years from now, everyone we see every day will be gone.
One hundred years from now, we'll all be dead. It's hard to believe. One hundred years from now, everyone we see every day will be gone.
मैंने तीस सालों से कहा है कि पूँजीवाद एक थकी हुई व्यवस्था है। लेकिन अब आप हर जगह इसके साफ संकेत देख सकते हैं। और इसका एक विशेष रूप से डरावना हिस्सा वित्तीय संकट है।
I've said for thirty years that capitalism is an exhausted system. But now you can see the handwriting everywhere. And one especially horrifying part is the fiscal crisis.
I've said for thirty years that capitalism is an exhausted system. But now you can see the handwriting everywhere. And one especially horrifying part is the fiscal crisis.
जहाँ तक मेरे अपने व्यवहार और गतिविधियों की बात है, अ अ अ पछतावे और "मुझे खेद है" कहने की मजेदार बात यह है कि बहुत कुछ ऐसा है जो मैं अलग तरीके से करती और आगे भी अलग तरीके से करना चाहूँगी।
In terms of my own behavior and activity, the funny thing about regrets and saying "I'm sorry," is that there's so much I would do differently and want to do differently moving forward.
In terms of my own behavior and activity, the funny thing about regrets and saying "I'm sorry," is that there's so much I would do differently and want to do differently moving forward.
मुझे नहीं लगता कि यह कहना कि "मैंने यहाँ गलती की, मैंने वहाँ गलती की" आपको किसी भी बात से बरी कर देता है, और न ही यह आपको स्वर्ग पहुँचाता है।
I don't think saying "I was wrong here, I was wrong there" absolves you of anything particularly, nor does it get you into heaven.
I don't think saying "I was wrong here, I was wrong there" absolves you of anything particularly, nor does it get you into heaven.
विशाल राष्ट्रविरोधी आंदोलन, जिसका मैं हिस्सा था और जो मेरे जीवन का एक प्रमुख हिस्सा था, ने कभी वियतनाम युद्ध को नहीं रोका।
The massive anti-war movement, which I was a part of and which was a major part of my life, never stopped the war in Vietnam.
The massive anti-war movement, which I was a part of and which was a major part of my life, never stopped the war in Vietnam.
किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति की देखभाल करने की तीव्रता में कुछ बहुत ही अद्भुत है जो खुद की देखभाल नहीं कर सकता। और फिर उस नन्हे से व्यक्ति को किशोरावस्था में खिलते हुए देखना।
There's something so remarkable in the intensity of taking care of somebody who can't take care of him or herself. And then watching that little person bloom into adolescence.
There's something so remarkable in the intensity of taking care of somebody who can't take care of him or herself. And then watching that little person bloom into adolescence.
कला और सक्रियता एक-दूसरे के पूरक हो सकते हैं। बेशक, ऐसा होना ज़रूरी नहीं है; वे विरोधाभासी भी हो सकते हैं।
Art and activism can be symbiotic. They don't have to be, of course; they can also be contradictory.
Art and activism can be symbiotic. They don't have to be, of course; they can also be contradictory.
जब मैं युवा था, तो साम्यवाद, जो मेरे लिए एक खास आकर्षण रखता था, सोवियत संघ और चीन में स्पष्ट रूप से एक असफल प्रयोग था। और फिर भी, साम्यवाद-विरोधी सोच उतनी ही बुरी थी।
When I was young, communism, which had a certain allure to me, was clearly a failed experiment in the Soviet Union and in China. And yet, anti-communism was as bad.
When I was young, communism, which had a certain allure to me, was clearly a failed experiment in the Soviet Union and in China. And yet, anti-communism was as bad.
यदि आप सोवियत साम्यवाद का साहित्य पढ़ें, तो आपको एक ऐसी कट्टरता दिखाई देती है जो कंपा देती है। दूसरी ओर, यदि आप साम्यवाद-विरोधी साहित्य पढ़ें, तो वह भी हर तरह से उतना ही कट्टर है।
If you read the literature of Soviet Communism, you see a dogma that's chilling. On the other hand, if you read the literature of anti-communism, it's every bit as dogmatic.
If you read the literature of Soviet Communism, you see a dogma that's chilling. On the other hand, if you read the literature of anti-communism, it's every bit as dogmatic.
एक कार्यकर्ता और एक कलाकार होना—इन दोनों चीजों को साथ-साथ चलना चाहिए। आपको अपनी कलात्मक संवेदनशीलता को अपनी कुछ सक्रियता को नियंत्रित करने की अनुमति देनी चाहिए, लेकिन इसे कभी भी आपको पंगु नहीं बनाने देना चाहिए।
Being an activist and an artist - those two things should go together. You should allow the artistic sensibility to control some of your activism, but never should it be allowed to paralyze you.
Being an activist and an artist - those two things should go together. You should allow the artistic sensibility to control some of your activism, but never should it be allowed to paralyze you.
कुछ भी लिखने की एक जटिलता यह है कि यह आत्ममुग्धता का कार्य है, और फिर ज़ाहिर है कि एक बार जब यह दुनिया में निकल जाता है, तो आपको इसे जाने देना पड़ता है।
One of the things that's complicated about writing anything is that it's an act of narcissism, and then of course once it sails out into the world, you have to let go of it.
One of the things that's complicated about writing anything is that it's an act of narcissism, and then of course once it sails out into the world, you have to let go of it.
हर रिश्ता एक प्रयोग है और इससे जो सीख मिलती है वह बेहद रोमांचक होती है।
Every relationship is an experiment and what one learns from it is so fascinating.
Every relationship is an experiment and what one learns from it is so fascinating.
1965 में मुझे लगा कि मेरा काम अधिकांश अमेरिकियों को युद्ध के खिलाफ करना है। इसलिए मैंने गर्मियाँ घर-घर जाकर, पर्चे बांटकर, उन लोगों से बात करने की कोशिश में बिताई जो मुझसे सहमत नहीं थे, और उन्हें यह समझाने की कोशिश की कि युद्ध गलत है। और 1968 तक बहुमत अमेरिकियों ने युद्ध का विरोध करना शुरू कर दिया था।
I thought in 1965 that my job was to convince most Americans to be against the war. So I spent summers knocking on doors, handing out literature, trying to talk to people who didn't agree with me, trying to get them to see the war was wrong. And by 1968 a majority of Americans did oppose the war.
I thought in 1965 that my job was to convince most Americans to be against the war. So I spent summers knocking on doors, handing out literature, trying to talk to people who didn't agree with me, trying to get them to see the war was wrong. And by 1968 a majority of Americans did oppose the war.
मैं हर सुबह उठता हूँ और सोचता हूँ कि आज मैं एक बदलाव लाऊँगा। आज मैं पूंजीवाद का अंत कर दूँगा। आज मैं एक क्रांति लाऊँगा। हर रात मैं निराश होकर सोता हूँ लेकिन कल सुबह फिर काम पर लौट आता हूँ, और यही एकमात्र तरीका है जिससे आप कुछ कर सकते हैं।
I get up every morning and think, today I'm going to make a difference. Today I'm going to end capitalism. Today I'm going to make a revolution. I go to bed every night disappointed but I'm back to work tomorrow, and that's the only way you can do it.
I get up every morning and think, today I'm going to make a difference. Today I'm going to end capitalism. Today I'm going to make a revolution. I go to bed every night disappointed but I'm back to work tomorrow, and that's the only way you can do it.
जिस दिन मैंने पेंटागन पर बम गिराया, उस दिन सब कुछ पूरी तरह से आदर्श और योजना के मुताबिक था।
Everything was absolutely ideal on the day I bombed the Pentagon.
Everything was absolutely ideal on the day I bombed the Pentagon.
अपराध स्वीकार है, पर मैं एक आज़ाद परिंदे की तरह स्वतंत्र हूँ। अमेरिका एक महान देश है।
Guilty as hell. Free as a bird. America is a great country.
Guilty as hell. Free as a bird. America is a great country.
मुझे बम लगाने का कोई पछतावा नहीं है।
I don't regret setting bombs.
I don't regret setting bombs.
साम्राज्यवादी ताकतों को पूरी तरह हराने और समाजवाद की स्थापना का एकमात्र रास्ता क्रांतिकारी युद्ध है।
The only path to the final defeat of imperialism and the building of socialism is revolutionary war.
The only path to the final defeat of imperialism and the building of socialism is revolutionary war.
अमेरिका वाकई एक आतंकवादी देश है... यह पिछले आधी सदी में पृथ्वी पर हिंसा फैलाने वाला सबसे बड़ा देश और आज विश्व शांति के लिए सबसे बड़ा खतरा भी है।
The US is indeed a terrorist nation. ...It's also the greatest purveyor of violence on earth over the past half century, and the foremost threat to world peace today.
The US is indeed a terrorist nation. ...It's also the greatest purveyor of violence on earth over the past half century, and the foremost threat to world peace today.
आपके बच्चों को सबसे ज्यादा इस बात की जरूरत होती है कि आप उन्हें वैसे ही प्यार करें जैसे वे हैं, न कि अपना सारा समय उन्हें सुधारने में लगाते रहें।
Your kids require you most of all to love them for who they are, not to spend your whole time trying to correct them.
Your kids require you most of all to love them for who they are, not to spend your whole time trying to correct them.
मेरे लिए शिक्षण हमेशा से सामाजिक न्याय के मुद्दों से जुड़ा रहा है। मैंने इसे कभी भी एक तटस्थ या निष्क्रिय पेशा नहीं माना है।
Teaching has always been, for me, linked to issues of social justice. I've never considered it a neutral or passive profession.
Teaching has always been, for me, linked to issues of social justice. I've never considered it a neutral or passive profession.
मैं हर सुबह उठता हूँ और सोचता हूँ... आज मैं पूंजीवाद का अंत कर दूँगा।
I get up every morning and think...today I'm going to end capitalism.
I get up every morning and think...today I'm going to end capitalism.
मुझे लगता है कि बो बर्गेडॉल ने अगर सेना छोड़ी थी, तो वह एक हीरो हैं - मेरा मानना है कि इतिहास भर में हमें उन अज्ञात भगोड़ों के स्मारक बनाने चाहिए।
I think Bowe Bergdahl, if he deserted, is a hero - I think throughout history we should build monuments to the unknown deserters.
I think Bowe Bergdahl, if he deserted, is a hero - I think throughout history we should build monuments to the unknown deserters.
शिक्षा ही क्रांति की मुख्य प्रेरक शक्ति है।
Education is the motor-force of revolution.
Education is the motor-force of revolution.
मैं युद्ध के विरोध से ज्यादा वियतनाम की जीत के पक्ष में हूँ। मैं शांति से ज्यादा अमेरिका की हार चाहता हूँ।
I'm not so much against the war as I am for a Vietnamese victory. I'm not so much for peace as for a U.S. defeat.
I'm not so much against the war as I am for a Vietnamese victory. I'm not so much for peace as for a U.S. defeat.
आपको अपने जीवन को जीने का एक ऐसा तरीका ढूंढना होगा जो आपके मूल्यों का मजाक न उड़ाए।
You need to find a way to live your life, that it doesn't make a mockery of your values.
You need to find a way to live your life, that it doesn't make a mockery of your values.
मुझ पर दो संघीय साजिशों के आरोप लगाए गए थे। मेरी पत्नी एफबीआई की 'दस सबसे वांछित अपराधियों' की सूची में थी। फासीवाद का चेहरा कुछ ऐसा ही दिखने वाला था। और वह सचमुच ऐसा ही दिखता था।
I was indicted on two federal conspiracies. My wife was on the Ten Most Wanted list. That's what fascism was going to look like. That's what it did look like.
I was indicted on two federal conspiracies. My wife was on the Ten Most Wanted list. That's what fascism was going to look like. That's what it did look like.
यह विचार कि आप अपना जीवन अलग-अलग चरणों या दौर में जीते हैं - मैंने कभी इस बात को नहीं माना। मुझे ऐसा महसूस होता है कि मैं आज भी वही इंसान हूँ जो 1965 में सैन्य भर्ती बोर्ड के सामने धरने पर बैठा था, मैं वही इंसान हूँ जो एक छात्र संगठन में शामिल हुआ था, मैं वही इंसान हूँ जिसने बेनिंगटन से एमएफए की डिग्री ली थी, और मैं वही इंसान हूँ जिसने 'वेदर अंडरग्राउंड' संगठन की स्थापना की थी। मेरे मूल्य आज भी पूरी तरह सुरक्षित हैं।
The idea that you live your life in phases - I've never bought that. I feel like I'm the same person who sat in at the draft board in 1965, I'm the same person who joined a fraternity, I'm the same person who got an MFA at Bennington, and I'm the same person who founded Weather Underground. My values are still intact.
The idea that you live your life in phases - I've never bought that. I feel like I'm the same person who sat in at the draft board in 1965, I'm the same person who joined a fraternity, I'm the same person who got an MFA at Bennington, and I'm the same person who founded Weather Underground. My values are still intact.
यदि आप 1840 के दशक में गुलामी के खिलाफ होते और एक श्वेत व्यक्ति होते, तो आप उस समय कानून, बाइबल, अपने चर्च, अपने पादरी, अपने माता-पिता, सामान्य ज्ञान, परंपरा, यानी हर उस चीज के खिलाफ होते। आप हर स्थापित व्यवस्था के खिलाफ खड़े होते।
If you were against slavery in 1840 and a white person, you would have been against the law, the Bible, your church, your pastor, your parents, common sense, tradition, everything. You would have been against everything.
If you were against slavery in 1840 and a white person, you would have been against the law, the Bible, your church, your pastor, your parents, common sense, tradition, everything. You would have been against everything.
यदि आप अपने जीवन के अंतिम दो वर्षों में मार्टिन लूथरे किंग के भाषणों और धर्मोपदेशों को पढ़ें - शायद आप पढ़ना चाहें - जब मैं इन्हें अपने छात्रों को पढ़कर सुनाता हूँ, तो उन्हें लगता है कि यह मैल्कम एक्स के शब्द हैं क्योंकि ये इतने क्रांतिकारी हैं। और यदि आप और कुछ न पढ़ें - यदि आपके दर्शक और कुछ न पढ़ें - तो 4 अप्रैल 1967 को 'रिवर्सल चर्च' में दिए गए उनके भाषण को पढ़ें जिसका शीर्षक "बियॉन्ड वियतनाम" है, जहाँ वे कहते हैं कि इस धरती पर हिंसा का सबसे बड़ा सौदागर मेरा देश है। और वे बुराई के उस त्रिफ़ले - नस्लवाद, सैन्यवाद और भौतिकवाद - को आपस में जोड़ते हैं, और यही जुड़ाव उन्हें एक सच्चा क्रांतिकारी बनाता है।
If you read Martin Luther King speeches and sermons in the last two years of his life - you might want to - when I read these to my students, they think it's Malcom X because it's so radical. And if you read nothing else - if your viewers read nothing else - then the April 4, 1967, speech at Riverside Church called "Beyond Vietnam," that's where he says the greatest purveyor of violence on earth is my country. And he connects the triplets of evil, racism, militarism, and materialism, and that connection makes him a radical.
If you read Martin Luther King speeches and sermons in the last two years of his life - you might want to - when I read these to my students, they think it's Malcom X because it's so radical. And if you read nothing else - if your viewers read nothing else - then the April 4, 1967, speech at Riverside Church called "Beyond Vietnam," that's where he says the greatest purveyor of violence on earth is my country. And he connects the triplets of evil, racism, militarism, and materialism, and that connection makes him a radical.
मैं चुप नहीं बैठा हूँ। मैं पढ़ाता हूँ, विश्वविद्यालयों में व्याख्यान देता हूँ, लिखता हूँ, मैं बिल्कुल चुप नहीं हूँ।
I haven't been silent. I teach, I lecture at universities, I write, I'm not silent.
I haven't been silent. I teach, I lecture at universities, I write, I'm not silent.
पेंटागन को धीरे-धीरे समेटना शुरू करने से हर साल 1 खरब डॉलर की बचत होगी - यह किसी भी सरकार द्वारा दिया जाने वाला सबसे समझदारी भरा और छोटा प्रस्ताव है।
Beginning to dismantle the Pentagon would save $1 trillion a year - a small government proposal if ever there was one.
Beginning to dismantle the Pentagon would save $1 trillion a year - a small government proposal if ever there was one.
हकीकत यह है कि मेरे प्रिपरेटरी स्कूल, एक बोर्डिंग स्कूल में, 39 युवा लड़कों ने एक साथ स्नातक किया था। पाँच साल बाद, हम में से एक चौथाई छात्र 'एसडीएस' (स्टूडेंट्स फॉर डेमोक्रेटिक सोसाइटी) में शामिल हो चुके थे। ऐसा इसलिए नहीं कि हम में कोई विशेष खूबी थी या हम चुने हुए लोग थे, बल्कि जैसा कि मैं कहता हूँ, हम भाग्यशाली थे कि हम ऐसे समय में बड़े हुए जब अश्वेत स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन एक नागरिक और एक इंसान होने के नैतिक चरित्र को परिभाषित कर रहा था।
The fact is that in my prep school, I went to a boarding school, 39 young men graduated from that prep school. Five years later, a quarter of us were in SDS, in Students for Democratic Society. Not because we were particularly chosen or because we were as I say, we were lucky but we were mainly luckily to grow up at a time where this black freedom movement was really defining the moral character of what it meant to be a citizen and a person.
The fact is that in my prep school, I went to a boarding school, 39 young men graduated from that prep school. Five years later, a quarter of us were in SDS, in Students for Democratic Society. Not because we were particularly chosen or because we were as I say, we were lucky but we were mainly luckily to grow up at a time where this black freedom movement was really defining the moral character of what it meant to be a citizen and a person.
यह हैरान करने वाली बात है कि आपका संशयवादी और डरा हुआ मन आपको कहाँ से कहाँ ले जा सकता है।
It's amazing where the paranoid mind can take you.
It's amazing where the paranoid mind can take you.
आज 'टीच-इन' (विचार-गोष्ठियाँ) काफी आम बात बन गई हैं या रोजमर्रा का हिस्सा बन चुकी हैं। लेकिन 1965 में एन आर्बर में 'स्टूडेंट्स फॉर डेमोक्रेटिक सोसाइटी' ने पहली बार ऐसी गोष्ठी का आयोजन किया था। यह इस तरह हुआ कि हम एक ऐसी हड़ताल की वकालत कर रहे थे जहाँ हमने यह मांग रखी थी कि शिक्षकों को भी वियतनामी संघर्ष के समर्थन में हड़ताल पर जाना चाहिए।
Now teach-ins are fairly common or they become common place. But in 1965, the Students for Democratic Society in Ann Harbor organized the first teach-in. The way it happened was that we were advocating for a strike that we advocated that the faculty should strike in solidarity with the Vietnamese struggle.
Now teach-ins are fairly common or they become common place. But in 1965, the Students for Democratic Society in Ann Harbor organized the first teach-in. The way it happened was that we were advocating for a strike that we advocated that the faculty should strike in solidarity with the Vietnamese struggle.
اگر سرمایهداری کا اصول "پھیلو یا مرو" ہے، تو یا تو اسے خود ختم ہونا ہوگا یا پھر دنیا کو ختم ہونا پڑے گا۔
If the logic of capitalism is "expand or die," then either it has to die or the world has to die.
If the logic of capitalism is "expand or die," then either it has to die or the world has to die.
میں رون پال سے کچھ حد تک اتفاق رکھتا ہوں۔
I find some unity with Ron Paul.
I find some unity with Ron Paul.
اسٹوڈنٹس فار اے ڈیموکریٹک سوسائٹی (SDS) بہت سی یونیورسٹیوں میں فعال تھی اور یہ ایک طاقتور تنظیم تھی۔ اس کی بنیاد ٹام ہیڈن نے رکھی تھی، جو حال ہی میں اس دنیا سے رخصت ہو گئے۔ وہ اس تنظیم کے بانیوں میں سے ایک اور 'پورٹ ہিউরন ڈکلیریشن' کے بنیادی مصنف تھے، جو آج بھی پڑھنے کے لائق ہے۔ ایک دلچسپ لحاظ سے، یہ برنی سینڈرز کی انتخابی مہم کا منشور معلوم ہوتا ہے۔
[Students for a Democratic Society] was on many campuses and it was a powerful organization. It was founded by Tom Hayden, who passed away very recently. It was one of the founders of SDS and that chief writer of the Port Huron Statement, which is still worth reading. It's kind of the Bernie Sanders campaign document in a funny way.
[Students for a Democratic Society] was on many campuses and it was a powerful organization. It was founded by Tom Hayden, who passed away very recently. It was one of the founders of SDS and that chief writer of the Port Huron Statement, which is still worth reading. It's kind of the Bernie Sanders campaign document in a funny way.
भूमिगत वर्षों में हमारे कुछ बेहद चरम कदमों से दूसरों पर जो खतरे मंडराए, उनकी जिम्मेदारी का अहसास मेरे जेहन से ज्यादा देर के لیے کبھی نہیں اترتا۔ جنگ مخالف تحریک اپنی پوری لگन، قربانی اور عزم کے باوجود ویتنام پر ہونے والے ظلم و ستم کو نہ روک سکی۔ اور اصلی افسوس کی بات یہی ہے۔
The responsibility for the risks we posed to others in some of our most extreme actions in those underground years never leaves my thoughts for long. The antiwar movement in all its commitment, all its sacrifice and determination, could not stop the violence unleashed against Vietnam. And therein lies cause for real regret.
The responsibility for the risks we posed to others in some of our most extreme actions in those underground years never leaves my thoughts for long. The antiwar movement in all its commitment, all its sacrifice and determination, could not stop the violence unleashed against Vietnam. And therein lies cause for real regret.
लेकिन अब हमारी नजर में वे सभी कॉलेज के लड़के छिछले और बेवकूफ थे, लकीर के फकीर जो सिर्फ फैशनेबल दिखने का दिखावा करते थे।
But the frat boys were all frivolous and idiotic in our minds now, a bunch of conformist fools going through the motions of hip.
But the frat boys were all frivolous and idiotic in our minds now, a bunch of conformist fools going through the motions of hip.
अब आपको सड़कों पर दौड़ते, आंसू गैस के गोले फेंकते लंबे बालों वाले हिप्पी भले ही अच्छे लगते हों, लेकिन हमने युद्ध को खत्म नहीं किया था। और यही हमारा मकसद था। जिसे युद्ध विरोधी تحریک ختم نہ کر سکی، اسے ویتنام کے لوگوں نے ختم کیا۔ یہی ہمارا المیہ اور شرمندگی کی بات ہے۔
Now you may like the images of long-haired hippies running in the streets throwing tear gas canisters, but we didn't end the war. And that's what we set out to do. What was not ended by the anti-war movement was ended by the Vietnamese. That's our shame.
Now you may like the images of long-haired hippies running in the streets throwing tear gas canisters, but we didn't end the war. And that's what we set out to do. What was not ended by the anti-war movement was ended by the Vietnamese. That's our shame.
اسٹوڈنٹس فار اے ڈیموکریٹک سوسائٹی (SDS) کے خاتمے کو میں اور بہت سے دوسرے لوگ ایک المناک اور انتہائی افسوسناک واقعہ سمجھتے ہیں، حالانکہ میں نے خود اس میں شرکت کی تھی اور اس میں ایک کردار ادا کیا تھا۔ لیکن مجھے اس کے بہت سے پہلوؤں پر افسوس ہے۔
The end of Students for a Democratic Society is viewed by me and a lot of other people as a terrible sorry in many ways, tragic event even though I participated in it and played some role in it. But I regret a lot of that.
The end of Students for a Democratic Society is viewed by me and a lot of other people as a terrible sorry in many ways, tragic event even though I participated in it and played some role in it. But I regret a lot of that.
میں نے ایک ایسا قانون تجویز کیا کہ جس بھی ملک میں امریکہ کا فوجی اڈہ ہے—وہاں کے لوگوں کو امریکی انتخابات میں ووٹ دینے کا حق ملنا چاہیے۔
I proposed a law that every country where the U.S. has a military base - those people should be allowed to vote in the American election.
I proposed a law that every country where the U.S. has a military base - those people should be allowed to vote in the American election.
میں جان کینیڈی یا لنڈن جانسن کے نظریہ دنیا سے تعلق نہیں رکھتا تھا۔ میں انہیں کمیونسٹ مخالف سامراجی درندے سمجھتا تھا۔
I wasn't part of John Kennedy's vision of the world, or Lyndon Johnson's. I thought of them as anti-Communist imperial monsters.
I wasn't part of John Kennedy's vision of the world, or Lyndon Johnson's. I thought of them as anti-Communist imperial monsters.
شروع میں ہر انقلاب ناممکن لگتا ہے، اور جب وہ ہو جاتا ہے تو لگتا ہے کہ یہ تو ہونا ہی تھا۔
Every revolution seems impossible at the beginning, and after it happens, it was inevitable.
Every revolution seems impossible at the beginning, and after it happens, it was inevitable.
میں نظامِ حکومت کے خلاف ہوں۔ اسی لیے تمام لیبلز اور اس خیال کو کہ میں لبرل ہوں، میں مذاق میں اڑاتا ہوں اور مسترد کرتا ہوں۔ اس کی ایک وجہ یہ ہے کہ میں خود کو ایک بنیاد پرست (ریڈیکل) سمجھتا ہوں، اور اس سے میری مراد دائیں یا بائیں بازو کی وہ روایتی سیاست نہیں جو آپ سوچتے ہیں—بلکہ ایسا شخص جو مسائل کی جੜ تک جانا چاہتا ہے۔
I'm anti-establishment. So all the labels, the reason that I keep joking and rejecting this idea that I'm liberal, well partly that's because I think of myself as a radical, and by that I mean, not even in the terms of Left-Right that you might imagine - but someone who wants to go to the root of problems.
I'm anti-establishment. So all the labels, the reason that I keep joking and rejecting this idea that I'm liberal, well partly that's because I think of myself as a radical, and by that I mean, not even in the terms of Left-Right that you might imagine - but someone who wants to go to the root of problems.
پریپ اسکول میں اپنے چھوٹے سے دائرے سے میں نے سول رائٹس موومنٹ کو دیکھا، جو اس دور کے اخلاقی پیمانے طے کر رہی تھی، اور میں اس کی طرف کھنچتا چلا گیا۔ میں نے جیمز بالڈوین اور 'انویزیبل مین' پڑھی، اور یہ چیزیں میرے لیے فکری سنگ میل بنیں۔ لیکن جب میں مشی گن پہنچا اور ایک بڑی دنیا، ایک حقیقی دنیا کو دیکھا، تب میں اس میں عملی طور پر شامل ہوا۔
I was from my little perch in a prep school I saw the civil rights movement and it was defining the moral dimensions of the time and I was drawn to it and I read James Baldwin and read Invisible Man and these were my touch points. But it was when I got to Michigan and saw a bigger world, a real world, that I got involved.
I was from my little perch in a prep school I saw the civil rights movement and it was defining the moral dimensions of the time and I was drawn to it and I read James Baldwin and read Invisible Man and these were my touch points. But it was when I got to Michigan and saw a bigger world, a real world, that I got involved.
ڈنبار اورٹیز ہماری بناوٹی معصومیت کو اتار پھینکتی ہے، ہمیں ایک نئی بیداری کا جھٹکا دیتی ہے، اور ہمارے آباؤ اجداد کے گناہوں—آبادکار استعمار، دریافت کے اصول، مینیفیسٹ ڈیسٹنی کے فریب، سفید فام برتری، چوری اور منظم قتل عام—سے لے کر مستقل جنگ، یلغار اور قبضے، بڑے پیمانے پر قید و بند، اور ریاستی تشدد کے مسلسل استعمال و خطرے کی موجودہ حقیقت تک ایک سیدھی لکیر کھینچتی ہے۔
Dunbar-Ortiz strips us of our forged innocence, shocks us into new awareness, and draws a straight line from the sins of our fathers-settler-colonialism, the doctrine of discovery, the myth of manifest destiny, white supremacy, theft and systematic killing-to the contemporary condition of permanent war, invasion and occupation, mass incarceration, and the constant use and threat of state violence.
Dunbar-Ortiz strips us of our forged innocence, shocks us into new awareness, and draws a straight line from the sins of our fathers-settler-colonialism, the doctrine of discovery, the myth of manifest destiny, white supremacy, theft and systematic killing-to the contemporary condition of permanent war, invasion and occupation, mass incarceration, and the constant use and threat of state violence.
मैं एक ऐसी समाज चाहता था जो नस्लीय रूप से न्यायसंगत हो। मैं युद्धों का अंत करना चाहता था। मैं श्वेत वर्चस्व को खत्म करना चाहता था। मैं एक ऐसी दुनिया बनाना चाहता था जो समतावाद, मेल-मिलाप और नस्लीय न्याय पर आधारित हो।
I wanted a racially just society. I wanted to end wars. I wanted to end white supremacy. I wanted to create a world that was based on egalitarianism, sharing, racial justice.
I wanted a racially just society. I wanted to end wars. I wanted to end white supremacy. I wanted to create a world that was based on egalitarianism, sharing, racial justice.
تحریک کہاں ہے؟ کسی کو نہیں معلوم۔ اور جو کوئی یہ سمجھتا ہے کہ وہ جانتا ہے، جیسے کہ ٹوڈ گٹلن، وہ احمقوں کی جنت میں رہتا ہے۔ کسی کو کچھ معلوم نہیں ہے۔ آج تک جتنے بھی انقلاب آئے ہیں، ان میں سے ہر انقلاب کے آنے سے ٹھیک ایک پہلے دن تک وہ ناممکن لگ رہا تھا۔ روزا پارکس کے واقعے سے ٹھیک پہلے کا دن، وہ ناممکن تھا۔ اور اس کے اگلے ہی دن، وہ ناگزیر ہو گیا۔
Where's the activism? Nobody knows. And anyone who thinks they know, like Todd Gitlin, has their head up their ass. Nobody knows. The day before every revolution that's ever happened, that revolution was impossible. The day before Rosa Parks, that was impossible. The day after, it was inevitable.
Where's the activism? Nobody knows. And anyone who thinks they know, like Todd Gitlin, has their head up their ass. Nobody knows. The day before every revolution that's ever happened, that revolution was impossible. The day before Rosa Parks, that was impossible. The day after, it was inevitable.
اسکولوں اور کمیونٹی کا باہمی تعلق ہی اسکولوں میں عظمت پیدا کرتا ہے۔
It's the connection between schools and communities that creates greatness in schools.
It's the connection between schools and communities that creates greatness in schools.
میں [بارাক] اوباما سے مایوس نہیں ہوں۔ انہوں نے پہلے ہی بتا دیا تھا کہ وہ کون ہیں؛ اور اب وہ وہی کر رہے ہیں جو انہوں نے کہا تھا۔
I'm not disappointed in [Barack] Obama. He said who he is; he's doing what he said he would do.
I'm not disappointed in [Barack] Obama. He said who he is; he's doing what he said he would do.
مجھے ایسا محسوس ہوا کہ میں اپنی زندگی اس طرح گزار رہا ہوں جو میرے اصولوں کی تضحیک نہیں کرتی۔ میں یہی کرنا چاہتا تھا۔ تو یہ میرے لیے ایک انتہائی انقلابی سوچ بن گئی۔
It felt to me like I was living my life in a way that didn't make mockery of my values. That's what I intended to do. So, that became a very radicalizing proposition for me.
It felt to me like I was living my life in a way that didn't make mockery of my values. That's what I intended to do. So, that became a very radicalizing proposition for me.
ایک اہم بات جو قابلِ ذکر ہے، وہ یہ کہ میرے والدین اپنے معاشرتی مقام کے لحاظ سے کافی روادار لوگ تھے۔ وہ اپنے بچوں کو اس نظر سے دیکھنے کی صلاحیت رکھتے تھے کہ "ارے، ہمارے بچے بھی کچھ جانتے ہیں"، اور انہوں نے ہمیں اپنے فیصلوں خود کرنے کی آزادی کا گہرا احساس دلایا، جو شاید ایک حکمران طبقے کی خصوصیت ہو سکتی ہے۔
One of the things that happened that I think is noteworthy, my parents were pretty tolerant people given their position in society. They were pretty interesting about being interesting able to look at their children and think oh my children know things and they gave us a lot of sense of our own agency, and that may be a kind of a ruling class trait.
One of the things that happened that I think is noteworthy, my parents were pretty tolerant people given their position in society. They were pretty interesting about being interesting able to look at their children and think oh my children know things and they gave us a lot of sense of our own agency, and that may be a kind of a ruling class trait.
وہ فریڈرک ڈگلس، جان براؤن، ہیریٹ ٹیوبمین، وینڈل فلپس تھے—جنہوں نے غلامی کے خاتمے کو عملی جامہ پہنایا۔ اب، آپ میں سے کوئی بھی غلامی کے حق میں نہیں ہے، ہے نا؟
It was Frederick Douglass, John Brown, Harriet Tubman, Wendell Phillips - these were the people who made abolition real. Now, none of you guys is in favor of slavery, right?
It was Frederick Douglass, John Brown, Harriet Tubman, Wendell Phillips - these were the people who made abolition real. Now, none of you guys is in favor of slavery, right?
یہ 1965 کی بات ہے۔ ہم نے اپنے شہر میں احتجاج کا آغاز کیا۔ ظاہر ہے کہ ہم بلیک فریڈن موومنٹ سے حکمت عملی اور طریقے ادھار لے رہے تھے، اور ان کے اندازِ فکر کی پیروی کر رہے تھے۔
This 1965. We went to trial on our city. We were obviously borrowing tactics and strategy from the Black freedom movement, and we were echoing their approach to things.
This 1965. We went to trial on our city. We were obviously borrowing tactics and strategy from the Black freedom movement, and we were echoing their approach to things.
ان کی [مارٹن لوتھر کنگ] آخری کتاب، "ہم کہاں جائیں: انتشار یا اشتراکیت؟" (Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community)، دراصل زاویوں، بربریّت یا سوشلزم کی طرف ایک واضح اشارہ ہے۔
His [Martin Luther King] last book, Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community, is a direct reference to angles, barbarism or socialism.
His [Martin Luther King] last book, Where Do We Go From Here: Chaos or Community, is a direct reference to angles, barbarism or socialism.
[مارٹن لوتھر کنگ] کنگ ایک سوشلسٹ تھے اور ایک ایسے کارکن تھے جو آخر کار ایک حقیقی ریڈیکل بن چکے تھے۔
[Martin Luther King] King was a socialist and King was an activist who was really a radical by the end.
[Martin Luther King] King was a socialist and King was an activist who was really a radical by the end.
اسٹوڈنٹس فار اے ڈیموکریٹک سوسائٹی کی بنیاد 1961 میں رکھی گئی تھی۔
Students for a Democratic Society was founded in 1961.
Students for a Democratic Society was founded in 1961.
لندن جانسن سیاہ فاموں کی آزادی کی تحریک کو پیدا نہیں کرتے؛ بلکہ سیاہ فاموں کی آزادی کی تحریک لنڈن جانسن کو بناتی ہے۔
It's not Lyndon Johnson who makes the black freedom movement; it's the black freedom movement who makes Lyndon Johnson.
It's not Lyndon Johnson who makes the black freedom movement; it's the black freedom movement who makes Lyndon Johnson.
ہم بہت پرجوش تھے اور ہم نے مقررین کو بلایا—پھر اتفاق سے کیمپس کے درمیان میں ایک میرین ریکروٹر (فوجی بھرتی کرنے والا) موجود تھا اور ہمارے ایک ساتھی، جو کہ ایس ڈی ایس کا رکن تھا، نے نورمبرگ ٹرائل کے ایک اقتباس کا بورڈ لگایا جس میں میرین ریکروٹر کی طرف اشارہ کرتے ہوئے لکھا تھا، "یہ شخص ایک جنگی مجرم ہے۔" میرا چھوٹا بھائی اور میں—وہ فرسٹ ایئر میں تھا اور میں سیکنڈ ایئر میں—کیمپس کے بیچوں بیچ چھڑنے والی بحثوں میں الجھ گئے، اور نوجوان ٹراٹسکی والوں نے ویتنام پر ایک زبردست معلوماتی پرچہ جاری کیا تھا۔
We were very excited and we brought speakers in then it so happened that there was a marine recruiter in the center of campus and one of our brothers, one SDS person put up a sign with a quote from the Nuremberg trial and an arrow point at the marine recruiter, saying, "This man is a war criminal." My younger brother and I, he was freshman and I was a sophomore, got caught up in the debates that were swirling around the center of campus and the young Trotskyists had put out a fact sheet on Vietnam that was phenomenal.
We were very excited and we brought speakers in then it so happened that there was a marine recruiter in the center of campus and one of our brothers, one SDS person put up a sign with a quote from the Nuremberg trial and an arrow point at the marine recruiter, saying, "This man is a war criminal." My younger brother and I, he was freshman and I was a sophomore, got caught up in the debates that were swirling around the center of campus and the young Trotskyists had put out a fact sheet on Vietnam that was phenomenal.
صرف آزاد کتابوں کی دکانیں اور لائبریریاں ہی ایسی جگہیں ہیں جہاں بولنے پر مجھے کبھی کسی قسم کی مشکل کا سامنا نہیں کرنا پڑا۔ یونیورسٹیوں اور ہیومینٹیز کونسلز نے تو میری تقریروں پر پابندی لگائی ہے، لیکن کسی آزاد کتابوں کی دکان نے ایسا کبھی نہیں کیا۔
The only people who have never had a problem with me speaking in their venues are independent bookstores and libraries. Universities and humanities councils have canceled me, but never an independent bookstore.
The only people who have never had a problem with me speaking in their venues are independent bookstores and libraries. Universities and humanities councils have canceled me, but never an independent bookstore.
کلاسیکی لبرل ازم میں کچھ ایسی باتیں ہیں جن کی طرف ظاہر ہے میں کھنچا چلا جاتا ہوں اور مجھے یقین ہے کہ آپ سب بھی ہوں گے۔ وہ باتیں ہیں جیسے آزادی، انفرادی حقوق، اور بل آف رائٹس (آئینی حقوق)۔ لیکن اس لیبل کو مسترد کرنے کی وجہ یہ ہے کہ میں نے لبرلز کی مخالفت کرتے ہوئے ہی ہوش سنبھالا تھا۔
There are things about classic liberalism that obviously I'm drawn to and I bet all of you are as well. Those are things like liberty, freedom, the Bill of Rights. But the reason that I reject the label is that I grew up cutting my teeth against the liberals.
There are things about classic liberalism that obviously I'm drawn to and I bet all of you are as well. Those are things like liberty, freedom, the Bill of Rights. But the reason that I reject the label is that I grew up cutting my teeth against the liberals.
میں نے کچھ ایسا احمقانہ سا جملہ کہا کہ جیسے [ولیم] شیکسپیئر کہتے ہیں، "عمل ہی فصاحت ہے"، اور جج نے مجھ پر تیوری چڑھائی اور مجھے چند ہفتوں کے لیے جیل بھیج دیا۔
I said something idiotic like, as [William] Shakespeare says, "Action is eloquence," and the judge just frowned at me and gave me a couple weeks in jail.
I said something idiotic like, as [William] Shakespeare says, "Action is eloquence," and the judge just frowned at me and gave me a couple weeks in jail.
میرا مطلب ہے کہ اس کی سب سے بڑی مثال مارٹن لوتھر کنگ ہیں، جو صرف 13 سال تک ایک کارکن رہے۔ لیکن ہر گزرتے سال کے ساتھ وہ مزید گہرے ہوتے گئے، زیادہ فکر مند ہوئے، اور زیادہ سے زیادہ مسائل کو آپس میں جوڑتے چلے گئے۔
I mean the prime case that you can look at is Martin Luther King, who was only an activist for 13 years. But every year, he became deeper, more concerned, connecting more issues.
I mean the prime case that you can look at is Martin Luther King, who was only an activist for 13 years. But every year, he became deeper, more concerned, connecting more issues.
ہمیں اکیسویں صدی کی تعلیم و تدریس کے بارے میں ایک بڑی، بے ضابطہ اور اجتماعی گفتگو کی ضرورت ہے۔ ہمیں معاشرے کے تمام طبقات کو اس میں شامل کرنا ہوگا۔
What we need is a gigantic, messy community conversation about what is teaching and learning for the 21st century. We need to engage communities.
What we need is a gigantic, messy community conversation about what is teaching and learning for the 21st century. We need to engage communities.
ایک سوال یہ ہے کہ آج مزدور طبقہ کون ہے، اور یہ کیسے بدلا ہے؟ ہم اس میں کہاں کھڑے ہیں؟ میرے پاس 1930 کی دہائی کی طرح کوئی روایتی رٹا رٹایا نظریہ نہیں ہے کہ ہمیں لازماً یونینیں بنانی چاہئیں اور مستقبل کا یہی واحد راستہ ہے۔ میں اس وقت 'پیلن اراؤنڈ' (Pallin' Around) نامی ایک کتاب لکھ رہا ہوں، اور اس کا ذیلی عنوان ہے: "ٹی پارٹی سے گفتگو"۔ اور صاف کہوں تو مجھے ٹی پارٹی سے بات کرنے میں بڑا مزہ آتا ہے، مجھے یہ بہت پسند ہے۔
One question is: Who is the working class today, and how has it changed? Where are we in that? I don't have a knee-jerk kind of 1930s thing about we must build the unions and that's the way to the future. I'm writing this book right now called Pallin' Around, and the subtitle is: "Talking to the Tea Party." And frankly I find talking to the Tea Party exhilarating, I love it.
One question is: Who is the working class today, and how has it changed? Where are we in that? I don't have a knee-jerk kind of 1930s thing about we must build the unions and that's the way to the future. I'm writing this book right now called Pallin' Around, and the subtitle is: "Talking to the Tea Party." And frankly I find talking to the Tea Party exhilarating, I love it.
لکھنے، دورے کرنے اور پڑھانے کا ایک لطف یہ بھی ہے کہ آپ حقیقی لوگوں سے ان تمام موضوعات پر تبادلہ خیال کرتے ہیں: اب آگے کیا کرنا ہے، تحریک کیسے بنانی ہے، پڑھانے کے طریقے کیا ہوں، اور بچوں کی پرورش کیسے کی جائے—اس مکالمے کا حصہ بننا ایک پرجوش تجربہ ہے۔
Part of the fun of writing, touring, teaching, is engaging with real people about all of it: what to do now, how to build a movement, of approaches to teaching, of parenting - it's exciting to be in that dialogue.
Part of the fun of writing, touring, teaching, is engaging with real people about all of it: what to do now, how to build a movement, of approaches to teaching, of parenting - it's exciting to be in that dialogue.
میں اس لحاظ سے مختلف ہوں کہ زندگی کے ہر لمحے، ہر دن میں بدلتا ہوں۔ میں سوچتا ہوں۔ لیکن جن بنیادی اصولوں نے مجھے آگے بڑھایا ہے وہ اب بھی وہیں ہیں۔ وہ بدلے نہیں ہیں۔
I'm different in the sense that every minute of every day, I change. I'm thinking. But the basic principles that have powered me forward are still there. They're not different.
I'm different in the sense that every minute of every day, I change. I'm thinking. But the basic principles that have powered me forward are still there. They're not different.
میں 1960 کی دہائی کے اس سارے فکری طلسم یا افسانے کو نہیں مانتا۔ میں سمجھتا ہوں کہ میرا تعلق تمام نسلوں سے جڑنے والا ہے۔
I don't buy the whole mythology of the sixties. I think I'm an intergenerational person.
I don't buy the whole mythology of the sixties. I think I'm an intergenerational person.
کسی حد تک اچھی پرورش کی علامت یہ ہے کہ آپ اپنے بچوں کو اپنی ہی نقل بنانے کی کوشش نہیں کرتے۔ ہم میں سے کوئی بھی کاروبار میں نہیں گیا۔ ہم میں سے کوئی بھی اس طرح کا طاقتور شخص نہیں بنا۔ ہم سب نے اپنے اپنے شوق اور دلچسپیوں کا پیچھا کیا۔ میرا ایک بھائی فلم ساز بن گیا۔ میرا ایک بھائی استاد بن گیا۔ میری بہن لائبریرین بن گئی۔
In some ways a mark of good parenting is that you don't try to make your children into little knockoffs of yourself. None of us went into business. None of us became powerful people like that. All of us pursued our own passions and our own interests. One of my brothers was filmmaker. One of my brothers was a teacher. My sister was a librarian.
In some ways a mark of good parenting is that you don't try to make your children into little knockoffs of yourself. None of us went into business. None of us became powerful people like that. All of us pursued our own passions and our own interests. One of my brothers was filmmaker. One of my brothers was a teacher. My sister was a librarian.
ویتنام میں ایک دہشت گرد جنگ کے دوران، جو کہ ایک باقاعدہ سرکاری دہشت گرد جنگ تھی، ہر روز دو ہزار لوگوں کو قتل کیا جا رہا تھا۔
Two thousand people a day were being murdered in Vietnam in a terrorist war, an official terrorist war.
Two thousand people a day were being murdered in Vietnam in a terrorist war, an official terrorist war.
ہمارے پاس جنسی تعلیم (سیکس ایجوکیشن) کا نظام ہے—میں اس کے حق میں ہوں، اس کے خلاف نہیں۔ لیکن کسی بھی نصاب کو یہ بات تسلیم کرنی چاہیے کہ ان معاملات کو خود دریافت کرنا نوجوانوں کا اپنا کام ہے۔ آپ انہیں سکھائیں گے نہیں؛ بلکہ وہ خود اسے نئے سرے سے سمجھیں گے۔
We have sex education - I'm for it, I'm not against it. But any curriculum should recognize that it's young people's job to invent it themselves. You're not going to teach them; they're going to reinvent it.
We have sex education - I'm for it, I'm not against it. But any curriculum should recognize that it's young people's job to invent it themselves. You're not going to teach them; they're going to reinvent it.
[جان] مکین دائیں بازو کی طرف آنکھ مٹکا کرتے ہوئے دکھائی دیتے تھے، اور [بارাক] اوباما بائیں بازو کی طرف۔ ان میں سے کوئی بھی—اگر مکین منتخب ہو جاتے تو بھی ہم ہم جنس پرستوں کے حقوق کے معاملے میں وہیں کھڑے ہوتے جہاں آج ہیں۔
[John] McCain seemed to be winking to the Right, and [Barack] Obama seemed to be winking to the Left. Neither one of them - if McCain had been elected we'd still be where we are on gay rights.
[John] McCain seemed to be winking to the Right, and [Barack] Obama seemed to be winking to the Left. Neither one of them - if McCain had been elected we'd still be where we are on gay rights.
[مشی گن میں] میں نے سب سے پہلا کام یہ کیا کہ 1963 میں این آربر کی ایک پিজ্জেরیا کے باہر دھرنے میں شامل ہو گیا جو افریقی نژاد امریکیوں کو وہاں کھانا کھانے کی اجازت نہیں دیتا تھا۔
The first thing I did [in Michigan] was join a picket line of a pizzeria in Ann Harbor in 1963 that didn't allow African Americans to eat there.
The first thing I did [in Michigan] was join a picket line of a pizzeria in Ann Harbor in 1963 that didn't allow African Americans to eat there.
ہم سب اس امریکی پرسکون دیہاتی زندگی کے فریب پر یقین کرنا چاہتے ہیں، لیکن اس کے پیچھے اور بھی بہت کچھ ہے۔ ہمیں ان فنتاسیوں اور اس افسانہ سازی سے خود کو آزاد کرنا ہوگا جو ہم اپنے اردگرد گھڑ لیتے ہیں، ورنہ ہم اندھے کی طرح دنیا کے ہر ملک میں گھس کر لوگوں کا قتل عام کرنے کی غلطی دہراتے رہیں گے۔
We all want to believe this American pastoral, but there's more to it. We have to be willing to exile ourselves from the fantasies and the mythology that we create around ourselves, or we're doomed to kind of innocently blunder into every country in the world and murder people.
We all want to believe this American pastoral, but there's more to it. We have to be willing to exile ourselves from the fantasies and the mythology that we create around ourselves, or we're doomed to kind of innocently blunder into every country in the world and murder people.
ایک آزاد اور متنوع جمہوریت میں ہم میں سے ہر ایک کو اپنے کمفرٹ زون اور کمیونٹی سے باہر نکل کر بہت سے لوگوں سے بات کرنے کی کوشش کرنی چاہیے، اور سیاسی رہنماؤں پر تو اس کی اور بھی زیادہ ذمہ داری عائد ہوتی ہے۔ انہیں ہر کسی سے بات کرنی چاہیے، ہر ایک کی بات سننی چاہیے، اور دن کے آخر میں اپنا خود کا آزادانہ فیصلہ ہونا چاہیے۔
In a wild and diverse democracy each of us should be trying to talk to lots and lots and lots of people outside of our own kind of comfort zone and community, and that injunction goes even further for political leaders. They should talk to everyone, they should listen to everyone, and at the end of the day they should have a mind of their own.
In a wild and diverse democracy each of us should be trying to talk to lots and lots and lots of people outside of our own kind of comfort zone and community, and that injunction goes even further for political leaders. They should talk to everyone, they should listen to everyone, and at the end of the day they should have a mind of their own.
قاہرہ میں، گلیوں میں آوارہ گھومنے والے ان نوجوانوں کے بارے میں ہمیں بتایا جاتا ہے کہ یہ لوگ سست ہیں، ان میں تعلیم نہیں ہے، یہ کسی پروا نہیں کرتے، ان میں سیاسی سوجھ بوجھ نہیں ہے—بالکل اسی طرح جیسے امریکہ کے مزدور طبقے کے بارے میں کہا جاتا ہے، بظاہر—اور پھر اچانک یہ سب کیا ہو گیا؟ وہ کیا بلا تھی؟ انہوں نے خود کو بدل کر دنیا کو بدل ڈالا۔ تو کیا یہ سب ختم ہو گیا؟ نہیں کیا سول رائٹس موومنٹ ختم ہو گئی؟ نہیں ان تحریکوں نے ابھی وہ سب حاصل نہیں کیا جو وہ حاصل کرنا چاہتی تھیں۔
In Cairo, these young men hanging around in the street, we're told these guys are lazy, they're uneducated, they don't care, they don't have any political instincts - just like the working class in America, apparently - and then suddenly what the hell happened? What was that? They changed the world by changing themselves. Now is that over? No. Is the civil rights movement over? No. These movements have not accomplished what they set out to accomplish.
In Cairo, these young men hanging around in the street, we're told these guys are lazy, they're uneducated, they don't care, they don't have any political instincts - just like the working class in America, apparently - and then suddenly what the hell happened? What was that? They changed the world by changing themselves. Now is that over? No. Is the civil rights movement over? No. These movements have not accomplished what they set out to accomplish.