भौतिक पर्यावरण और उसके प्रभाव में रहने वाले जीव के बीच का संबंध, यानी भू-आकृति विज्ञान (फिजियोग्राफ़ी) और जीव-आकृति विज्ञान (ऑन्टोग्राफ़ी) का आपसी रिश्ता ही आज के भूगोल के मूल सिद्धांतों का आधार है।
It is the relationship between the physical environment and the environed organism, between physiography and ontography (to coin a term), that constitutes the essential principles of geography today.
It is the relationship between the physical environment and the environed organism, between physiography and ontography (to coin a term), that constitutes the essential principles of geography today.
एक बार स्थापित होने के बाद, कोई भी मूल नदी अपने लंबे जीवन में आगे बढ़ती है और बचपन, जवानी और बुढ़ापे की कुछ ऐसी विशेषताएं प्रदर्शित करती है, जिससे उसकी वृद्धि के इन चरणों को बिना किसी खास परेशानी के पहचाना जा सकता है।
Once established, an original river advances through its long life, manifesting certain peculiarities of youth, maturity and old age, by which its successive stages of growth may be recognized without much difficulty.
Once established, an original river advances through its long life, manifesting certain peculiarities of youth, maturity and old age, by which its successive stages of growth may be recognized without much difficulty.
भूविज्ञान के विज्ञान में छिपी अत्यधिक काल्पनिक प्रकृति को जितनी स्पष्ट रूप से स्वीकार किया जाता है, पृथ्वी की अनुमानित स्थितियों और प्रक्रियाओं के बारे में हमारे विचारों को बदलना उतना ही आसान हो जाता है, ताकि उनके साथ की गई ज्यादतियाँ बेतुकी न लगें।
The more clearly the immensely speculative nature of geological science is recognized, the easier it becomes to remodel our concepts of any inferred terrestrial conditions and processes in order to make outrages upon them not outrageous.
The more clearly the immensely speculative nature of geological science is recognized, the easier it becomes to remodel our concepts of any inferred terrestrial conditions and processes in order to make outrages upon them not outrageous.
एक सामान्य बुद्धि और शिक्षा वाले व्यक्ति के लिए भूगोल का अर्थ उतना ही अनबूझी पहेली है जितना कि किसी जंगल में रहने वाले व्यक्ति के लिए किसी भव्य गिरजाघर का महत्व। फिर भी, हमारे आस-पास की धरती, अपने अनगिनत और चमत्कारी रूप से महत्वपूर्ण भौगोलिक रूपों के साथ, किसी भी गिरजाघर से कम अतीत के इतिहास को नहीं दर्शाती। शिक्षा की इस कमी के कारण मानसिक आनंद का जो अवसर हमेशा के लिए खो जाता है, उस पर सचमुच दुख होता है।
The meaning of geography is as much a sealed book to the person of ordinary intelligence and education as the meaning of a great cathedral would be to a backwoodsman, and yet no cathedral can be more suggestive of past history in its many architectural forms than is the land about us, with its innumerable and marvellously significant geographic forms. It makes one grieve to think of opportunity for mental enjoyment that is last because of the failure of education in this respect.
The meaning of geography is as much a sealed book to the person of ordinary intelligence and education as the meaning of a great cathedral would be to a backwoodsman, and yet no cathedral can be more suggestive of past history in its many architectural forms than is the land about us, with its innumerable and marvellously significant geographic forms. It makes one grieve to think of opportunity for mental enjoyment that is last because of the failure of education in this respect.
हमारे विज्ञान की बहुत नींव ही एक अनुमान पर टिकी है; इसका लगभग पूरा हिस्सा इस साबित न हो सकने वाली धारणा पर आधारित है कि भूवैज्ञानिक प्रक्रियाओं के अनुमानित लंबे दौर में भी, ये प्रक्रियाएं प्रकृति के उन्हीं नियमों के अनुसार चलती रही हैं जिन्हें हम आज जानते हैं।
The very foundation of our science is only an inference; far the whole of it rests an the unprovable assumption that, all through the inferred lapse of time which the inferred performance of inferred geological processes involves, they have been going on in a manner consistent with the laws of nature as we know them now.
The very foundation of our science is only an inference; far the whole of it rests an the unprovable assumption that, all through the inferred lapse of time which the inferred performance of inferred geological processes involves, they have been going on in a manner consistent with the laws of nature as we know them now.